A librarian has \(14\) art books. She lends out \(6\), then plans to put the rest equally on two shelves. What number must she find before she can share the books? Find that number.

A science club plants \(4\) rows of \(5\) seedlings. Later, \(3\) wilt. Before finding how many are still growing, what number must the club find first? Calculate it.

A soccer coach has \(9\) balls and borrows \(7\) more. The coach plans to share all the balls equally among \(4\) bags. What number must the coach find before working out how many go in each bag? Find that number.

At a grocery store, \(3\) boxes of pasta cost \(\$6.00\). Leon wants to find the total cost of \(5\) boxes of the pasta and one jar of tomato sauce. Explain why he cannot find the total from the information given.

A bakery has \(1500\) fresh rolls in the morning. It sells \(900\) rolls before noon and then bakes \(400\) more. Caio writes: Step 1: \(1500-900=600\) Step 2: \(600+400=1000\) Explain what the \(600\) represents. How many rolls are in the bakery after the additional baking?

An old school building was constructed in \(1894\). A celebration was held for its \(125\)th anniversary. a) In what year was the celebration held? b) How many years after that celebration was \(2025\), and how old was the building in \(2025\)?

For a class party, Mr. Weber buys \(4\) cases of juice for \(\$14\) each and \(3\) large bags of pretzels for \(\$8\) each. He also spends \(\$6\) on decorations. The calculation tree shows how to find the total cost. a) Find the values for the empty boxes in the calculation tree. b) What is the total cost?

The diagram shows a rectangular prism with the three edge lengths that meet at one vertex. A rectangular prism has four edges of each of its three dimensions. a) What is the sum of the three labeled edge lengths? b) Find the total length of all the prism's edges.

A school calendar covers \(5\) full weeks. The chart shows extra days off for vacation and snow. None falls on a weekend, and the two groups do not overlap. How many days do students attend school?

A science club has \(7\) boxes of batteries with \(18\) batteries in each box. It uses \(25\) batteries during an experiment. Let \(x\) be the number of batteries left. Write one equation using \(x\) that represents the whole situation, then solve it.

A supply room has \(8\) full boxes of pencils with \(24\) pencils in each box, plus \(35\) loose pencils. Let \(p\) be the total number of pencils. Write one equation using \(p\) that represents the situation, then find \(p\).

A baker puts \(36\) rolls equally on \(6\) trays, then removes \(2\) rolls from each tray. How many rolls are left on each tray?

Two minibuses each carry \(7\) campers. At the campsite, \(3\) more campers join them. How many campers are there now?

\(18\) students sign up for a field trip. Then \(7\) cancel, and \(4\) new students join. Elena adds \(7+4\) and subtracts the result from \(18\). Explain her mistake and find how many students are signed up now.

Three boxes hold \(12\) colored pencils each. A teacher gives away \(7\) pencils. How many pencils are left? Show both steps.

A cook bakes \(42\) rolls. She sets aside \(6\) for breakfast and packs the rest equally into \(4\) bags. How many rolls go in each bag? Show the two steps.

A camp has \(4\) boxes with \(9\) pencils in each. The pencils are shared equally among \(6\) campers. How many pencils does each camper get? Show both steps.

Volunteers collect \(18\) cans of food in the morning and another \(27\) cans in the afternoon. They give \(16\) cans to a shelter. How many cans are left? Show both steps.

A teacher has \(6\) boxes with \(8\) pencils in each. She takes \(3\) pencils from each box. Which calculation tree, a) or b), gives the total number of pencils left? Find that total.

Five students each buy a \(\$7\) museum ticket. They pay with \(\$50\) altogether. How much change should they get? Show the two calculations.

A farmer collects \(34\) eggs. Six are cracked and cannot be packed. The rest go into cartons holding \(6\) eggs each. How many full cartons can the farmer fill, and how many good eggs are left over?

A fruit seller puts \(7\) pears in each of \(4\) baskets. The seller sells pears from the baskets until \(5\) remain in each. How many pears were sold?

A bus has \(45\) passengers after \(9\) people get on. Before they boarded, the bus carried three times as many people as a van. How many passengers were in the van?

A runner completes \(3\) laps of \(4\,\text{km}\) each, then walks \(2\,\text{km}\) to cool down. Nico calculates \(3 \times (4 + 2) = 18\) kilometers. Explain his mistake and find the correct total distance.

An amusement park buys ride tokens with a total face value of \(\$6000\). Each token is worth \(\$3\). a) How many tokens does the park buy? b) The tokens are packed in boxes of \(5\). How many boxes are needed? c) Each token weighs \(4\,\text{g}\). What is the total mass of the tokens in kilograms?

Mr. Weber buys \(15\) packs of colored pencils for \(\$4\) each and \(20\) sketch pads for \(\$3\) each for the school art club. How much does he spend altogether?

A third-grade class visits a museum. There are \(25\) students and \(4\) adult chaperones. Admission costs \(\$6\) per student and \(\$9\) per chaperone. What is the total admission cost for the group?

A gardener delivers \(8\) boxes with \(25\) flower bulbs in each box. Twenty bulbs are damaged and cannot be planted. The remaining bulbs are divided equally among \(6\) flower beds. How many bulbs are planted in each bed?

Paul has \(160\) marbles. He gives half of them to his younger brother. His brother then gives \(15\) marbles to a friend. How many marbles does Paul’s brother have left?

A movie theater has \(720\) seats. Half the seats are reserved for an afternoon show. Just before the show, the theater sells another \(85\) tickets for seats that were not reserved. How many seats are now reserved or sold?

A gardener has \(840\) flower bulbs. On Monday, the gardener plants exactly half of them. On Tuesday, the gardener plants another \(155\) bulbs. How many bulbs remain unplanted?

A school library installs \(3\) new bookcases. Each bookcase holds exactly \(85\) books. Students have already placed \(140\) books on the new bookcases. How many more books can the bookcases hold altogether?

For a school fair, Ms. Miller buys \(5\) cases with \(12\) bottles of apple juice in each case and \(4\) cases with \(20\) bottles of water in each case. Guests drink \(85\) bottles during the fair. How many bottles are left?

A gardener has \(400\) tulip bulbs. The gardener plants \(6\) small beds with \(45\) bulbs in each bed. The remaining bulbs are divided equally between \(2\) large planters. How many bulbs go in each planter?

Two classes bake muffins for a school fair. One class fills \(4\) trays with \(12\) muffins on each tray. The other class bakes \(55\) muffins. Which class bakes more muffins, and how many more does it bake?

A gardener plants \(6\) flower beds with \(15\) red tulips in each bed and \(4\) flower beds with \(20\) yellow tulips in each bed. How many tulips does the gardener plant altogether?

Students sell used toys at a school fundraiser. The school receives \(\$3\) for each toy sold. The table shows how many toys six classes sell. <table> <tr> <td>Class</td> <td>A</td> <td>B</td> <td>C</td> <td>D</td> <td>E</td> <td>F</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Toys sold</td> <td>34</td> <td>41</td> <td>38</td> <td>45</td> <td>42</td> <td>50</td> </tr> </table> a) How many toys do the six classes sell altogether? b) How much money does the school receive?

Four teams collect boxes of recyclable materials for a school garden project. The school receives a \(\$2\) recycling credit for each box. <table> <tr> <td>Team</td> <td>Blue</td> <td>Yellow</td> <td>Green</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Boxes</td> <td>115</td> <td>122</td> <td>108</td> <td>135</td> </tr> </table> a) How many boxes do the four teams collect altogether? b) What is the total recycling credit?

Lucas has \(82\) stickers. He puts \(9\) stickers on each full page of his album. a) How many pages can he fill completely? b) How many stickers will be on the next page? c) How many more stickers does Lucas need to fill that page?

A trampoline park sells jump passes at these prices: <table> <tr><th>Number of passes</th><th>Price</th></tr> <tr><td>\(1\) pass</td><td>\(\$4\)</td></tr> <tr><td>\(3\) passes</td><td>\(\$10\)</td></tr> <tr><td>\(5\) passes</td><td>\(\$16\)</td></tr> </table> a) What is the least expensive way to buy exactly \(4\) passes, and how much does it cost? b) The Miller family needs exactly \(8\) passes. Find two different ways to buy them and calculate the price of each way.

Solve each situation. a) A supply room has \(300\) notebooks on each of \(2\) shelves. Then \(150\) more notebooks are delivered. How many notebooks are in the supply room now? b) A school has \(800\) event flyers. Half are handed out in the morning, and \(60\) more are handed out in the afternoon. How many flyers remain?

Suppose you want to save exactly \(1000\) cents. a) How many dollars is that? b) You save one dime each day. How many days will it take to save \(1000\) cents? c) Is that more or less than half a year? Use \(182\) days for half a year.

Ms. Miller has a \(\$150\) classroom-supply budget. She buys \(7\) packages of construction paper for \(\$12\) each and \(6\) watercolor sets for \(\$9\) each. She uses the remaining money to buy glue sticks costing \(\$2\) each. How many glue sticks can she buy?

A furniture storage room contains three-legged stools and four-legged chairs. The furniture has \(38\) legs altogether. Find two possible combinations of stools and chairs.

Tim is \(34\,\text{in}\) tall. His sister Julia is \(4\,\text{in}\) taller than he is. Tim's and Julia's heights add to their father's height. Their mother is \(5\,\text{in}\) shorter than their father. How tall are Julia, their father, and their mother?

A shed contains bicycles with \(2\) wheels each and tricycles with \(3\) wheels each. The vehicles have \(18\) wheels altogether. Find all possible combinations that include at least one bicycle and at least one tricycle.

The Sunny Scoop ice cream shop has this menu: <table><tr><th>Ice cream</th><th>Price</th><th>Drinks</th><th>Price</th></tr><tr><td>Fruit sundae</td><td>\(\$6\)</td><td>Apple juice</td><td>\(\$2\)</td></tr><tr><td>Chocolate sundae</td><td>\(\$7\)</td><td>Bottled water</td><td>\(\$1\)</td></tr><tr><td>Vanilla sundae</td><td>\(\$5\)</td><td>Iced tea</td><td>\(\$3\)</td></tr><tr><td>Strawberry sundae</td><td>\(\$8\)</td><td>Lemonade</td><td>\(\$2\)</td></tr></table> a) Leonie buys a vanilla sundae and an iced tea. How much does she pay? b) If Leonie pays with \(\$10\), how much change does she get? c) Jonas has \(\$10\). He wants a chocolate sundae and a drink. Which drinks can he afford?

The Fisher family goes out for lunch. The menu lists these prices: <table><tr><th>Item</th><th>Price</th></tr><tr><td>Kids’ meal</td><td>\(\$5\)</td></tr><tr><td>Baked ziti</td><td>\(\$7\)</td></tr><tr><td>Turkey entrée</td><td>\(\$9\)</td></tr><tr><td>Soup of the day</td><td>\(\$4\)</td></tr><tr><td>Large salad</td><td>\(\$8\)</td></tr></table> The family has two adults and two children. Each child orders a kids’ meal. The adults order one turkey entrée and one baked ziti. All four people also order soup. Is \(\$50\) enough to pay the bill? Justify your answer.

Two signs along a bike trail both point the same way: first to Cedar Grove, then to Pine Junction. The second sign is farther along the trail than the first. Sign 1: Cedar Grove \(54\,\text{miles}\), Pine Junction \(92\,\text{miles}\). Sign 2: Cedar Grove \(38\,\text{miles}\). How far should Sign 2 say it is to Pine Junction? Explain how you know.

A highway sign lists the distances to three towns ahead: Pine City: \(155\,\text{miles}\) Lakeview: \(82\,\text{miles}\) Riverdale: \(15\,\text{miles}\) a) What is the distance from Riverdale to Lakeview? b) What is the distance from Lakeview to Pine City? c) Which of those two sections is longer, and by how many miles?

A sporting goods store lists these prices: <table> <tr><td>Inline skates</td><td>\(\$59\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Helmet</td><td>\(\$24\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Knee pads</td><td>\(\$12\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Elbow pads</td><td>\(\$9\)</td></tr> </table> Sarah receives \(\$100\) for her birthday and buys the inline skates and helmet. a) How much does she pay for those two items? b) How much money remains? c) Is the remaining money enough to buy both the knee pads and elbow pads? Explain.

Tim and Anna visit a zoo gift shop. Each has saved \(\$25\). <table> <tr><td>Stuffed tiger</td><td>\(\$18\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Elephant figure</td><td>\(\$7\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Zoo puzzle</td><td>\(\$12\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Postcard set</td><td>\(\$4\)</td></tr> </table> Tim buys a stuffed tiger and a postcard set. Anna buys two zoo puzzles. Who spends more money? How much money does each person have left?

Mr. Miller has \(\$70\) to buy books for his classroom reading corner. <table> <tr><td>Mystery book</td><td>\(\$9\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Horse book</td><td>\(\$12\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Comic book</td><td>\(\$6\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Science book</td><td>\(\$15\)</td></tr> </table> He chooses two science books and three mystery books. How much has he spent? How many comic books can he buy with the money left?

Lucas lives \(70\,\text{m}\) from school. Each school day, he walks to school in the morning and walks home in the afternoon. How many meters does Lucas walk to and from school during a \(5\)-day school week?

Sophie goes to music lessons twice each week. Her home is \(110\,\text{m}\) from the music school, and she walks both ways each time. How many meters does Sophie walk for music lessons over two weeks?

A school bus trip costs \(\$13\) per student for \(24\) students. The school’s parent organization contributes \(\$100\) toward the total cost. How much must the students pay altogether?

Four siblings are saving for a trampoline that costs \(\$320\). Each child puts \(\$8\) into a shared savings jar every month. After how many months will they have enough money?

A movie theater has \(15\) rows with \(20\) seats in each row. All seats are occupied, and \(180\) of the moviegoers are adults. A child’s ticket costs \(\$5.50\), and an adult’s ticket costs \(\$8.50\). The movie starts at \(3{:}30\) p.m. and lasts \(90\) minutes. How many children are in the theater?

A truck driver travels \(840\) miles from Monday through Thursday. The driver travels \(195\) miles on Monday, \(210\) miles on Tuesday, and \(185\) miles on Wednesday. The remaining distance is traveled on Thursday. On which day does the driver travel the farthest? How many more miles is that than the distance traveled on Wednesday?

A \(\$1{,}000{,}000\) grant is divided among three programs in each plan. Complete the table so that each row totals exactly \(\$1{,}000{,}000\). <table> <tr><th>Program 1</th><th>Program 2</th><th>Program 3</th></tr> <tr><td>\(\$450{,}000\)</td><td>\(\$250{,}000\)</td><td>?</td></tr> <tr><td>\(\$125{,}000\)</td><td>?</td><td>\(\$375{,}000\)</td></tr> <tr><td>?</td><td>\(\$660{,}000\)</td><td>\(\$140{,}000\)</td></tr> </table>

A warehouse receives \(345\) packages on Monday and \(287\) packages on Tuesday. a) How many packages have arrived altogether? b) A large order requires \(900\) packages. How many more packages are needed after Tuesday’s delivery?

The Miller family is taking a ferry to an island. The family has \(2\) adults and \(3\) children. <table> <tr><th>Passenger</th><th>Price per person</th></tr> <tr><td>Adult</td><td>\(\$14\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Child</td><td>\(\$9\)</td></tr> </table> How much does the family pay altogether?

The Smith family of \(4\) compares two ways to travel to a vacation destination. <table> <tr><th>Transportation</th><th>Cost</th><th>Travel time</th></tr> <tr><td>Train</td><td>\(\$21\) per person</td><td>\(2\) hours</td></tr> <tr><td>Car</td><td>\(\$60\) total</td><td>\(4\) hours</td></tr> </table> How much money would the family save by driving instead of taking the train? How many hours of travel time would the family save by taking the train instead of driving?

Park Elementary offers several after-school sports clubs. The table shows how many students are enrolled in each club. <table><tr><th>Club</th><th>Boys</th><th>Girls</th></tr><tr><td>Basketball</td><td>\(24\)</td><td>\(18\)</td></tr><tr><td>Gymnastics</td><td>\(12\)</td><td>\(35\)</td></tr><tr><td>Swimming</td><td>\(22\)</td><td>\(26\)</td></tr></table> How many more girls than boys are enrolled in the three clubs altogether?

A snack stand by a lake sells popsicles on weekends. The table shows the number of each flavor sold on Saturday and Sunday. <table><tr><th>Flavor</th><th>Saturday</th><th>Sunday</th></tr><tr><td>Chocolate</td><td>\(156\)</td><td>\(213\)</td></tr><tr><td>Strawberry</td><td>\(98\)</td><td>\(145\)</td></tr><tr><td>Vanilla</td><td>\(112\)</td><td>\(128\)</td></tr></table> How many more chocolate popsicles than strawberry popsicles were sold over the entire weekend?

A public library added books to its collection. The table groups the new books by age level, type, and how the library received them. <table> <tr><th></th><th colspan="2">Children (ages 12 and under)</th><th colspan="2">Teens (ages 13 and older)</th></tr> <tr><td></td><td>Nonfiction</td><td>Fiction</td><td>Nonfiction</td><td>Fiction</td></tr> <tr><td>Purchased</td><td>\(1450\)</td><td>\(2380\)</td><td>\(870\)</td><td>\(1560\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Donated</td><td>\(320\)</td><td>\(540\)</td><td>\(150\)</td><td>\(420\)</td></tr> </table> a) How many children’s fiction books were added altogether? b) How many teen nonfiction books were added altogether? c) Which age level received more books altogether?

A technology museum celebrates its \(125\)th anniversary on September 20, 2025. On that date, the museum director is exactly \(62\) years old. a) In what year did the museum open? b) How old was the director when the museum celebrated its \(100\)th anniversary?

On his \(75\)th birthday in \(2023\), Grandpa Henry also celebrated exactly \(50\) years since his first day working at the same cabinet shop. a) In what year was Henry born? b) How old was he when he started working at the shop?

The table shows the populations of three towns in \(2010\) and \(2020\), with projections for \(2030\). <table><thead><tr><th>Town</th><th>2010</th><th>2020</th><th>2030 projection</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Pineville</td><td>\(45{,}600\)</td><td>\(48{,}200\)</td><td>\(51{,}000\)</td></tr><tr><td>Oakton</td><td>\(32{,}100\)</td><td>\(30{,}900\)</td><td>\(29{,}500\)</td></tr><tr><td>Lakeview</td><td>\(54{,}300\)</td><td>\(56{,}700\)</td><td>\(55{,}200\)</td></tr></tbody></table> a) Which town's population decreases in both periods? b) How many more people is that town projected to lose from \(2020\) to \(2030\) than it lost from \(2010\) to \(2020\)?

A state forestry department tracks newly planted trees in three forest districts. <table> <thead> <tr> <th>District</th> <th>Evergreen trees</th> <th>Deciduous trees</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Oak Forest</td> <td>\(125{,}000\)</td> <td>\(88{,}500\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Pine Ridge</td> <td>\(94{,}200\)</td> <td>\(112{,}000\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Beech Grove</td> <td>\(108{,}600\)</td> <td>\(95{,}400\)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> a) How many trees were planted in Pine Ridge altogether? b) How many evergreen trees were planted in the three districts altogether? c) In which district is the difference between the numbers of evergreen and deciduous trees greatest?

The table shows the number of visitors to four large amusement parks in 2022 and 2023. <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Amusement park</th> <th>2022</th> <th>2023</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Sunshine Park</td> <td>\(245{,}000\)</td> <td>\(261{,}000\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Adventure World</td> <td>\(198{,}500\)</td> <td>\(192{,}000\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Wildlife West</td> <td>\(312{,}400\)</td> <td>\(315{,}000\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Water Paradise</td> <td>\(156{,}700\)</td> <td>\(168{,}200\)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> a) Which park had the most visitors in 2023? b) By how many visitors did attendance at Water Paradise increase from 2022 to 2023? c) Is the combined 2023 attendance at Sunshine Park and Adventure World greater than or less than the 2023 attendance at Wildlife West?

A state had \(435{,}600\) elementary school students in 2021. In 2022, enrollment increased by \(12{,}850\) students. For 2023, enrollment was projected to decrease by \(9420\) students from the 2022 level. a) What was the projected enrollment for 2023? b) How many more students were projected for 2023 than were enrolled in 2021?

Three large school districts report their elementary school enrollment: - Cedar Point School District has \(84{,}320\) students. - Meadow Run School District has \(15{,}650\) fewer students than Cedar Point. - Brookstone School District has \(7480\) more students than Meadow Run. How many elementary school students are enrolled in the three districts altogether?

A state education department plans for \(950{,}000\) elementary school seats in Grades 1 through 4. Current enrollment is: - Grade 1: \(234{,}500\) students - Grade 2: \(241{,}200\) students - Grade 3: \(238{,}900\) students - Grade 4: \(232{,}150\) students How many seats will remain open if every enrolled student receives a seat?

Two fruit crates are weighed at a wholesale market. Crate A, filled with apples, has a total mass of \(12{,}450\,\text{g}\). The empty crate has a mass of \(1120\,\text{g}\). Crate B, filled with pears, has a total mass of \(15{,}200\,\text{g}\). The empty crate has a mass of \(1450\,\text{g}\). Which fruit has the greater mass, and what is the difference in grams?

A small truck may have a maximum total mass of \(14{,}250\,\text{kg}\). The empty truck has a mass of \(10{,}150\,\text{kg}\). Two machines with a combined mass of \(1240\,\text{kg}\) and a tool pallet with a mass of \(980\,\text{kg}\) are loaded. How many more kilograms can be added without exceeding the limit?

A horse trailer may have a maximum total mass of \(2000\,\text{kg}\). The empty trailer has a mass of \(840\,\text{kg}\). One horse with a mass of \(565\,\text{kg}\) is already inside. What is the greatest combined mass the second horse and the remaining equipment can have?

A small cup of yogurt contains \(150\,\text{g}\) and costs \(\$2\). A large cup of the same yogurt contains \(450\,\text{g}\) and costs \(\$5\). How much more would it cost to buy \(450\,\text{g}\) in small cups?

A soccer club buys \(6\) new soccer balls at \(\$24\) each and one large goal net for \(\$155\). What is the total cost?

The Huber family buys \(4\) young apple trees at \(\$142\) each. The nursery charges a single \(\$75\) fee to deliver and plant all the trees. What is the total cost?

For a school trip, \(26\) students each pay \(\$14\) for admission to an adventure park. The class also pays a single \(\$85\) bus fee. What is the total cost of the trip?

During a one-minute observation at an animal-care center, a sensor records \(163\) breaths for one mouse and \(90\) breaths for one guinea pig. If those observed rates continue for \(10\) minutes, how many breaths would the two animals take altogether?

During one minute at a veterinary training lab, monitors record \(24\) heartbeats for an elephant, \(36\) for a horse, and \(65\) for a person. If those rates continue for one hour, how many more heartbeats would the person have than the elephant and horse combined?

A veterinary simulator shows a hedgehog heart rate of \(98\) beats per minute while awake and \(18\) beats per minute during hibernation. Over \(20\) minutes, how many fewer heartbeats occur at the hibernation rate than at the awake rate?

A mail carrier drives \(36\,\text{miles}\) each day from Monday through Friday. Her Saturday route is only \(15\,\text{miles}\). How many miles does she drive in \(4\) full weeks?

An airport shuttle travels \(6\,\text{miles}\) one way between a hotel and the airport. Each day, it makes \(8\) complete round trips. How many miles does the shuttle travel in a \(30\)-day month?

A warehouse has \(4\) large shipping crates. Each shipping crate contains \(4\) wooden boxes. Each wooden box contains \(4\) metal cases. Each metal case holds \(4\) watches. a) How many watches are in one shipping crate? b) How many watches are in the warehouse altogether? c) How many containers—shipping crates, wooden boxes, and metal cases—are used altogether?

A farm has \(5\) barns. Each barn contains \(8\) haystacks. Each haystack is home to \(12\) mouse families, and each family has \(6\) baby mice. How many baby mice live in the haystacks altogether?

A television costs \(\$565\) when paid for in full. A payment plan charges \(\$52\) per month for \(12\) months. How much more does the payment plan cost than paying in full?

A museum sells \(312\) child tickets at \(\$6\) each and \(145\) adult tickets at \(\$9\) each during one morning. What is the museum’s total ticket revenue?

Ms. Meyer wants to borrow \(\$900\). She compares two payment plans: - Plan A: \(12\) monthly payments of \(\$78\) - Plan B: \(24\) monthly payments of \(\$40\) What is the total paid under each plan? Which plan costs less overall, and by how much?

Lucas wants to buy a tablet for \(\$240\). He has saved \(\$60\). He plans to repay the remaining amount to his parents in monthly payments of \(\$20\). a) How much does Lucas still need to repay? b) How many months will it take him to repay the full amount? c) Lucas receives a \(\$25\) monthly allowance and wants to keep at least \(\$5\) each month after making a payment. Does the \(\$20\)-per-month plan meet his goal? Explain.

Mia is saving for a violin that costs \(\$400\). She saves \(\$15\) each month and plans to buy it after exactly \(2\) years. a) How much will she save in \(24\) months? b) Will she have enough? If not, how much more does she need? c) How much would she need to save each month to have \(\$400\) after exactly \(20\) months?

A warehouse has \(8\) pallets of marker sets. Each pallet holds \(25\) cartons. Each carton contains \(10\) boxes, and each box contains \(5\) markers. How many markers are in the warehouse altogether?

A grocery store lists these cheese prices: <table><tr><th>Type</th><th>Price per \(4\,\text{oz}\)</th></tr><tr><td>Alpine cheese</td><td>\(\$2\)</td></tr><tr><td>Edam</td><td>\(\$1\)</td></tr></table> Ms. Miller buys \(8\,\text{oz}\) of Alpine cheese and \(16\,\text{oz}\) of Edam. What is the total cost?

Goat cheese costs \(\$2\) per \(4\,\text{oz}\). Tim wants to buy \(16\,\text{oz}\) and has a \(\$10\) bill. Does he have enough money? If so, how much change will he receive?

A family of two adults and three children is taking a ferry to an island. The fares are: - Adult: \(\$22\) - Child: \(\$11\) A family special says that when two adults pay full fare, each child’s fare is only \(\$8\). a) Find the family’s total fare with the special. b) How much does the family save compared with the regular fares?

Three adults and two children, ages 10 and 12, are taking a round-trip train ride. A one-way adult ticket costs \(\$84\). The train company’s family promotion has these rules: - Children under age 14 ride free with adult relatives. - The first adult pays full price. - Each additional adult pays half price. a) Find the total cost for the group’s one-way trip. b) Find the total cost for the round trip.

The Rivera family is visiting an amusement park. The family has two adults and four children. The ticket prices are: - Adult ticket: \(\$45\) - Child ticket: \(\$30\) - Family pass: \(\$130\), covering two adults and up to three children Any additional child needs a regular child ticket. Find the least expensive total admission cost for the Rivera family.

A juice bar charges \(\$1\) for each \(4\,\text{fl oz}\) of apple juice, no matter how much someone buys. How much more does \(36\,\text{fl oz}\) cost than \(28\,\text{fl oz}\)?

A farmers market sells strawberries in these packs: - \(10\,\text{oz}\) for \(\$4.20\) - \(5\,\text{oz}\) for \(\$2.25\) - \(1\,\text{oz}\) for \(\$0.50\) Maya buys one \(10\,\text{oz}\) pack, two \(5\,\text{oz}\) packs, and one \(1\,\text{oz}\) pack. She pays with \(\$10\). How much change does she get?

Two people are taking a round-trip train ride together. A one-way ticket costs \(\$50\) per person. The first traveler pays full price, and the second traveler pays half price for each one-way ticket. What is the total cost of all four one-way tickets?

A one-way coach-class train ticket costs \(\$48\). A one-way first-class ticket costs the coach fare plus half of the coach fare. How much does one round-trip first-class ticket cost?

Compare these one-way train tickets: - To Boston, a coach ticket costs \(\$58\). A first-class ticket costs the coach price plus half of that price. - To Philadelphia, a coach ticket costs \(\$79\). Which costs more: the first-class ticket to Boston or the coach ticket to Philadelphia? By how much?

Admission to a community pool costs \(\$8\) for the first person in a group. Each additional person pays half that price. A group of \(5\) people has \(\$25\) for admission. Is that enough? If so, how much money remains?

At a historic fort, the first ticket in a family group costs \(\$14\). Each additional ticket costs half as much. A family pays \(\$42\) in all. How many people are in the family?

A group of four people is comparing two bus-fare offers: - Offer A: Each person pays \(\$12\). - Offer B: The first person pays \(\$18\), and each additional person pays half of that fare. Which offer costs less for the group, and how much less does it cost?

A rail company compares two trains for a new route: - Mountain Express: \(7\) cars with \(64\) seats in each car - Coastal Limited: \(5\) cars with \(92\) seats in each car Which train has more seats altogether, and what is the difference?

A circus convoy includes: - \(15\) standard trailers, each \(20\,\text{ft}\) long with sleeping space for \(4\) people - \(8\) deluxe trailers, each \(30\,\text{ft}\) long with sleeping space for \(7\) people - \(4\) equipment trailers, each \(40\,\text{ft}\) long with no sleeping spaces How long is the convoy if the trailers are lined up end to end? How many people can sleep in the trailers?

During a break, Felix eats a fruit bar containing \(12\,\text{g}\) of sugar and drinks a carton of chocolate milk containing \(18\,\text{g}\) of sugar. One sugar cube has a mass of \(3\,\text{g}\). The total sugar is equal to how many sugar cubes?

Two soft drinks are compared. Super Sweet contains \(48\,\text{g}\) of sugar per bottle, and Fruit Mix contains \(36\,\text{g}\) per bottle. One sugar cube has a mass of \(3\,\text{g}\). What is the difference between the drinks in equivalent numbers of sugar cubes?

A town-square improvement project costs \(\$450{,}000\). A state grant pays \(\$360{,}000\). Three neighboring towns will share the remaining cost equally. How much must each town pay?

Four families share the yearly costs of a community garden equally. a) Find the total yearly cost and each family’s share. b) Each family deposited \(\$19\) per month into a shared account. How much money should each family receive back at the end of the year? <table><tr><td>Expense</td><td>Yearly cost</td></tr><tr><td>Fence repair</td><td>\(\$456\)</td></tr><tr><td>Soil</td><td>\(\$192\)</td></tr><tr><td>Seeds</td><td>\(\$74\)</td></tr><tr><td>Garden tools</td><td>\(\$142\)</td></tr></table>

Five classes are sharing the costs of a school festival equally. <table><tr><td>Drinks</td><td>\(\$115\)</td></tr><tr><td>Baking ingredients</td><td>\(\$240\)</td></tr><tr><td>Paper plates and napkins</td><td>\(\$35\)</td></tr><tr><td>Decorations</td><td>\(\$60\)</td></tr></table> How much must each class pay?

A school warehouse had some notebooks. It shipped \(350\) notebooks to each of \(3\) schools and donated another \(2000\) notebooks to a community center. After those shipments, \(4000\) notebooks remained. How many notebooks were in the warehouse at the start?

A school has between \(300\) and \(400\) raffle tickets, and the number of tickets is a multiple of \(25\). After \(150\) tickets are sold, the remaining tickets are divided equally between two booths. Each booth receives \(100\) tickets. How many tickets did the school have at first?

The Schmidt family pays \(\$52\) each month toward its electricity bill. At the end of the year, the utility company determines that the actual yearly cost was \(\$595\). How much money should the family receive back?

A gym offers two payment options: \(\$26\) each month or one yearly payment of \(\$285\). How much money is saved in one year by choosing the yearly payment?

In a sample square meter of a cornfield, students count about \(8\) corn plants. They estimate about \(500\) kernels on each plant. A lab sample shows that \(1000\) kernels weigh about \(380\,\text{g}\). Based on these sample measurements, about how many grams of corn are represented by one square meter?

At a wildlife-care center, one elephant is given \(150\,\text{kg}\) of plant food each day. At the end of each day, \(75\,\text{kg}\) of that food remains uneaten. If the same amounts occur for \(7\) days, how many kilograms of plant food does the elephant eat during the week?

A wildlife reserve in Africa has \(4870\) white rhinos and \(2450\) black rhinos. During the year, \(156\) calves were born and \(89\) rhinos died. How many rhinos are now living in the reserve?

A wildlife charity prints \(3600\) rhino fact cards for its Asian wildlife campaign. Of these, \(2750\) show greater one-horned rhinos, \(760\) show Sumatran rhinos, and the rest show Javan rhinos. The charity prints \(18{,}500\) rhino fact cards for its African wildlife campaign. a) How many Asian campaign cards show Javan rhinos? b) How many more cards are printed for the African campaign than for the Asian campaign?

A large forest has \(34{,}000\) fir trees and \(16{,}000\) spruce trees. Together, these conifer trees are exactly one-tenth of the number of deciduous trees in the forest. How many conifer and deciduous trees are in the forest altogether?

Lucas and Maya are making wire-frame models. A cube has \(12\) equal edges. A rectangular prism has \(4\) edges of each of its three dimensions. Lucas makes a cube with edge length \(8\,\text{cm}\). Maya makes a rectangular prism with length \(10\,\text{cm}\), width \(6\,\text{cm}\), and height \(8\,\text{cm}\). a) Find the total length of wire Lucas needs. b) Find the total length of wire Maya needs. c) Compare the two amounts.

A horse eats \(12\,\text{lb}\) of hay each day. A large bale weighs \(300\,\text{lb}\) and costs \(\$45\). a) How many pounds of hay does the horse eat in \(100\) days? b) How many bales are needed for \(100\) days? c) What is the total cost of the hay?

A class has \(25\) students. Each student uses \(2\) sheets of paper per school day. A package of \(500\) sheets costs \(\$6\). a) How many sheets does the class use in one school day? b) How many sheets does the class use in \(20\) school weeks if each week has \(5\) school days? c) How many packages are needed for the \(20\) weeks, and what is their total cost?

A school studies water use. During one school day, one student uses about \(2\,\text{L}\) for drinking, \(4\,\text{L}\) for handwashing, and \(18\,\text{L}\) for toilet flushing. a) About how many liters of water does one student use in a school day? b) A class has \(22\) students. About how many liters does the class use in one day? c) About how many liters does the class use in a \(5\)-day school week?

A four-person family uses \(1100\,\text{L}\) of water over a two-day weekend. On average, each person uses about \(45\,\text{L}\) per day for personal care and \(30\,\text{L}\) per day for toilet flushing. About how many liters does the family use for all other purposes during the weekend?

A bath uses about \(150\,\text{L}\) of water, while a shower uses about \(40\,\text{L}\). 1. About how many liters does one person save by showering instead of taking a bath? 2. A family of \(4\) showers once per day instead of taking baths. About how many liters does the family save in one day? 3. About how many liters does the family save in \(7\) days?

Here is Liam's daily water use: <table> <tr><td>Brushing teeth:</td><td>\(3\,\text{L}\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Showering:</td><td>\(45\,\text{L}\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Toilet flushing:</td><td>\(32\,\text{L}\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Food and drinks:</td><td>\(6\,\text{L}\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Other uses:</td><td>\(4\,\text{L}\)</td></tr> </table> 1. Find Liam's total water use for one day. 2. How many liters does Liam use during the entire month of June, which has \(30\) days? 3. Liam's older sister uses \(15\,\text{L}\) more than Liam each day. How many liters does she use in one week, which has \(7\) days?

A soccer team has \(22\) players and \(3\) coaches. After practice, everyone will eat pizza. An individual pizza costs \(\$8\). A family-size pizza feeds exactly \(5\) people and costs \(\$35\). a) Find the total cost if each person gets an individual pizza. b) How many family-size pizzas are needed for all \(25\) people? Find their total cost. c) Which option costs less, and how much money does it save? d) For the less expensive option, what is the cost per person?

A teacher is comparing admission options for a group of \(30\) people visiting a science museum. An individual ticket costs \(\$6\). A group ticket for up to \(10\) people costs \(\$52\). a) Find the cost of \(30\) individual tickets. b) Find the total cost of \(2\) group tickets and individual tickets for the remaining people. c) Find the cost of exactly \(3\) group tickets. d) Which option is least expensive?

A bakery has \(250\,\text{kg}\) of flour. It uses \(40\,\text{kg}\) on Monday morning. The remaining flour will be divided equally among the next \(7\) days. How many kilograms will the bakery use each day?

A beekeeper has \(180\) jars of honey and keeps \(12\) jars for the family. The remaining jars are packed into boxes holding \(8\) jars each. How many full boxes can the beekeeper pack?

A school library has \(120\) new nonfiction books on one shelf. One-fourth of the books are about animals. There are exactly \(15\) more books about space than books about animals. How many animal and space books are on the shelf altogether?

Lucas and Anna are working together on a \(500\)-piece puzzle. Lucas has already placed one-fifth of all the pieces correctly. Anna has placed \(35\) more pieces than Lucas. How many puzzle pieces still need to be placed?

A nursery has \(160\) tulips and \(240\) daffodils. The flowers are arranged into bouquets with exactly \(8\) flowers in each bouquet. How many bouquets can be made altogether?

Two caterpillars crawl directly toward each other along a straight garden path. They begin \(120\,\text{cm}\) apart. After one hour, the first caterpillar has crawled \(48\,\text{cm}\), and the second has crawled \(55\,\text{cm}\). How far apart are they now?

A fourth-grade class has collected \(\$60\) for a field trip. The class spends one-half of the money on the bus ride and one-fourth of the original total on museum tickets. The rest of the money will be used for ice cream. How much money is available for ice cream?

A bakery plans to make \(150\) dinner rolls in one day. In the morning, the baker makes one-fifth of the planned amount. In the afternoon, the baker makes \(12\) more rolls than in the morning. How many more rolls must be made to reach the goal of \(150\)?

A sports club plans to buy \(8\) soccer balls for \(\$30\) each. The coach changes the plan and uses the same total amount to buy \(6\) higher-quality basketballs instead. How much does one basketball cost?

One crate contains \(40\) apples, and another crate contains \(30\) pears. One-half of the apples are used for a large pie. One-third of the pears are used for fruit sauce. How many pieces of fruit remain in the two crates altogether?

Lucas and Sofia are saving for a gift. Lucas has \(\$120\), and Sofia has \(\$160\). Lucas contributes one-fourth of his money toward the gift. Sofia contributes one-eighth of her money. How much money do they have left altogether?

An elementary school has two fourth-grade classes. Class 4A has \(24\) students, and Class 4B has \(28\) students. One-fourth of the students in each class enter an art contest. The other students go to the gym for physical education. How many students go to the gym altogether?

A school orders \(120\) drawing pads for \(6\) classes, with each class receiving the same number. How many drawing pads are needed to supply \(15\) classes at the same rate?

A bag contains only red and blue marbles. There are \(15\) blue marbles and four times as many red marbles. One-fifth of all the marbles are made of glass. How many glass marbles are in the bag?

For a school celebration, \(6\,\text{gal}\) of apple juice is delivered. Four times as much sparkling water as apple juice is provided. One-third of the total liquid is mixed in a large dispenser to make a fruit drink. How many gallons of fruit drink are in the dispenser? Is this amount greater or less than the amount of apple juice?

A store has \(18\) blue notebooks and \(12\) fewer green notebooks than blue notebooks. Each green notebook costs \(60\) cents. How much do all the green notebooks cost?

A school library has \(18\) shelves of adventure books. It has \(7\) fewer shelves of nonfiction books. Each nonfiction shelf holds \(40\) books. How many nonfiction books are in the library?

Tim plants \(15\) rows of carrots with \(20\) carrots in each row. Lisa plants \(6\) fewer rows than Tim, with \(40\) carrots in each of her rows. Who has more carrots? Justify your answer with calculations.

A farmer harvests \(120\,\text{kg}\) of potatoes and fills bags that each hold \(10\,\text{kg}\). The farmer sells each bag for \(\$7\). How much money does the farmer earn altogether?

A class makes \(200\) greeting cards and bundles them into sets of \(5\) cards. The class sells each set for \(\$4\), then donates \(\$65\) of the money to an animal shelter. How much money remains for the class fund?

A nursery delivers \(120\) seedlings for a school garden. The teachers plant \(30\) seedlings first. The remaining seedlings are shared equally among \(6\) classes for their own garden beds. How many seedlings does each class receive?

A tennis club buys \(100\) new tennis balls. After the first practice, \(28\) balls are missing. The remaining balls are stored in cans that hold exactly \(4\) balls each. How many cans are needed?

Mia and Ben plant \(135\) flower bulbs in the school garden. Mia works for \(4\) hours, and Ben works for \(5\) hours. They plant bulbs at the same rate. How many bulbs does each student plant?

Three fourth-grade classes share the cost of a charter bus. The bus costs \(\$480\). Each student should pay the same amount. - Class 4A has \(20\) students. - Class 4B has \(22\) students. - Class 4C has \(18\) students. a) How much should each class pay? b) How much should each student pay?

Lucas collects seashells at the beach. He finds \(125\) shells in the morning. In the afternoon, he finds \(30\) more shells than he found in the morning. He divides all the shells equally among \(4\) bags. How many shells does he put in each bag?

A school cafeteria receives three crates of apples. The first crate contains \(240\) apples. The second crate contains \(60\) fewer apples than the first crate. The third crate contains \(30\) more apples than the second crate. All the apples are divided equally among \(3\) shelves. How many apples are placed on each shelf?

A school library receives \(150\) new nonfiction books. The librarian will place them in \(10\) shelf bins. The first \(4\) bins each receive \(12\) books. The remaining books will be divided equally among the other bins. How many books will go in each remaining bin?

A baker made \(160\) soft pretzels and plans to place them on \(10\) baking sheets. The first \(6\) sheets each hold \(15\) pretzels. The baker plans to put \(18\) pretzels on each of the remaining \(4\) sheets. Are there enough pretzels for this plan? Find how many pretzels are missing or left over.

A bakery divides \(120\,\text{kg}\) of flour equally among \(3\) large bins. In the morning, the baker takes \(15\,\text{kg}\) of flour from the first bin. How many kilograms of flour remain in that bin?

A water tank contains \(450\,\text{L}\) of water. The water is divided equally among \(5\) troughs in a horse pasture. Two horses drink from the first trough. One drinks \(22\,\text{L}\), and the other drinks \(18\,\text{L}\). How many liters of water remain in the first trough?

A school library receives \(150\) new nonfiction books and divides them equally among \(5\) shelves. On the first day, students check out \(12\) books from the top shelf. Then \(7\) donated books are added to the bottom shelf. How many nonfiction books are now on the top shelf, and how many are on the bottom shelf?

Two fourth-grade classes buy zoo tickets. - Class 4A pays \(\$120\) for \(20\) students. - Class 4B uses a group rate and pays \(\$100\) for \(25\) students. Find the price per student for each class. How much does each Class 4B student save compared with each Class 4A student?

Leon and Sophie each saved \(\$25\) and go to a school-supply store. Leon buys \(3\) notebooks for \(\$4\) each. Sophie buys \(5\) glitter pens for \(\$2\) each. Who has more money left, and how much more?

A fruit seller begins the day with \(60\,\text{kg}\) of apples. Before lunch, the seller sells \(8\) small crates containing \(4\,\text{kg}\) each. The remaining apples are packed into bags holding \(3\,\text{kg}\) each. How many bags can be filled completely, and how many kilograms remain?

A zookeeper orders \(8\) bags of special elephant feed for \(\$45\) each. The zookeeper could spend the same total amount on bales of hay that cost \(\$9\) each. How many bales of hay could be bought?

A set of \(6\) jump ropes costs \(\$24\). A teacher wants to buy \(9\) jump ropes at the same price per rope. How much will \(9\) jump ropes cost?

A gardener planted \(48\) seedlings in \(4\) garden beds, using the same number in each bed. The gardener will plant \(3\) more beds with the same number of seedlings per bed. How many seedlings are needed for all \(7\) beds?

A school fair has \(8\,\text{gal}\) of lemonade. During the first break, students drink one-fourth of the lemonade. During the second break, they drink one-eighth of the original amount. How many gallons of lemonade remain after the second break?

Paul and Sarah pack apples into bags. Paul packs \(8\) bags per hour, and Sarah packs \(12\) bags per hour. They must pack \(100\) bags and begin at \(8{:}00\) a.m. Sarah says, “If we work without a break, we will finish by \(12{:}00\) p.m.” Is Sarah correct? Justify your answer with calculations.

A gardener buys \(8\) young shrubs for a park for \(\$72\) altogether. Later, the gardener orders more shrubs of the same kind for another section of the park and spends \(\$117\). How many shrubs does the gardener order altogether?

A gardener has a \(32\,\text{ft}\) length of rope. First, she cuts off one-half of the rope. Then she cuts off one-fourth of the rope that remains. a) How long is the second piece she cuts off? b) How many feet of rope remain at the end?

At a sporting goods store, \(4\) basketballs cost \(\$32\) altogether. Park Elementary School wants to buy \(9\) of the basketballs for physical education classes. A teacher pays with a \(\$100\) bill. How much change does the teacher receive?

Julia and Mark have \(72\) trading cards altogether. If Julia is given \(8\) additional cards, the two children will have the same number of cards. How many cards did each child have at the beginning?

Class 3A collects \(145\,\text{kg}\) of paper for a recycling project. Class 3B collects \(20\,\text{kg}\) more than Class 3A. Class 3C collects \(15\,\text{kg}\) less than Classes 3A and 3B combined. How many kilograms of paper does Class 3C collect?

Birch Trail is \(185\,\text{m}\) long and is extended by \(55\,\text{m}\) at each end. Alder Trail is \(230\,\text{m}\) long and is extended by \(40\,\text{m}\) at one end and \(35\,\text{m}\) at the other. Which trail is longer after the extensions, and by how many meters?

A bakery begins with \(150\,\text{kg}\) of flour. It uses \(45\,\text{kg}\) for bread. The bakery uses \(20\,\text{kg}\) more flour for rolls than for bread. How much flour remains?

A school event begins with \(350\,\text{L}\) of apple juice. Students drink \(115\,\text{L}\) during the first hour. During the second hour, they drink \(30\,\text{L}\) less than during the first hour. How much juice remains after two hours?

A bakery makes \(250\) muffins for a school event. Of these, \(70\) muffins have chocolate decorations. The remaining muffins are divided equally among \(6\) large serving trays. How many muffins are placed on each tray?

A toy bin contains \(640\) building blocks. Of these, \(40\) blocks are broken and removed. Then \(120\) of the remaining blocks are used to build a large castle. All the blocks left are divided equally among \(8\) small bins. How many blocks are placed in each small bin?

Two mile markers on a straight highway are \(64\) miles apart. Mile marker \(150\) is exactly halfway between them. What are the two mile-marker numbers?

A crate contains \(60\) pieces of fruit. One-half are apples, one-fifth are bananas, and the rest are pears. How many pears are in the crate?

At an elementary school, \(120\) students take part in a charity run. One-fourth of the students run \(1\,\text{mi}\). One-third run \(2\,\text{mi}\). All the other students run \(3\,\text{mi}\). How many students run the \(3\,\text{mi}\) distance?

A garden center has \(120\) seedlings in a row. One-fourth of the seedlings are sunflowers, one-tenth are roses, and all the others are tulips. How many tulip seedlings are in the row?

Julia has a sticker album with \(240\) stickers. - One-eighth of the stickers show space scenes. - One-third show animals. - One-sixth show sports. - All the other stickers show smiley faces. How many smiley-face stickers does Julia have? Which of the four designs appears most often in her collection?

An observation tower's base is \(485\,\text{m}\) above sea level. a) The lower observation deck is \(156\,\text{m}\) above the tower's base. The upper deck is \(68\,\text{m}\) above the lower deck. The top of the tower is another \(92\,\text{m}\) above the upper deck. Find the elevation of the tower's top above sea level. b) The top of a nearby bell tower is \(572\,\text{m}\) above sea level. How much higher is the observation tower?

An ice cream shop has freezer space for \(100\) packages. The owner adds \(4\) boxes with \(12\) packages of vanilla ice cream in each box and \(3\) boxes with \(15\) packages of chocolate ice cream in each box. How many more packages can fit in the freezer?

At a stationery store, \(4\) special notebooks cost \(\$12\) altogether. Ms. Weber wants to buy \(7\) of the notebooks. She wonders, “If I pay with \(\$25\), will I receive more or less than \(\$5\) in change?” Justify your answer with calculations.

A sports club orders new equipment. Four soccer balls cost \(\$40\) altogether, and the club orders \(12\) soccer balls. The club also buys \(5\) basketballs. Each basketball costs \(\$5\) more than one soccer ball. What is the total cost of the order?

An older machine packs \(198\) bags of cookies per hour. A new machine packs \(1648\) bags during an \(8\)-hour shift. How many more bags per hour does the new machine pack than the older machine?

A gym has \(8\) rows with \(15\) blue chairs in each row and \(6\) rows with \(14\) red chairs in each row. How many chairs are in the gym altogether?

Three classes buy \(600\) sheets of craft paper for \(\$24\). Class 4A takes \(200\) sheets, Class 4B takes \(300\) sheets, and Class 4C takes the rest. How much should each class pay for its share?

A school receives \(144\) new laptops. First, each of the school’s \(4\) computer labs receives \(16\) laptops. All the remaining laptops are divided equally among \(8\) classrooms. How many laptops does each classroom receive?

One library shelf has \(148\) adventure books and \(165\) animal books. Another shelf has \(152\) adventure books and \(159\) animal books. Which shelf has more books in all, and what is the difference?

At a school event, \(125\) cups of apple juice and \(140\) cups of orange juice are sold in the morning. In the afternoon, \(30\) more cups of apple juice are sold than in the morning, but \(45\) fewer cups of orange juice are sold. When are more cups of juice sold in all, and what is the difference?

A fruit stand sells apples in two bags. The small bag weighs \(4\,\text{kg}\) and costs \(\$12\). The large bag weighs \(10\,\text{kg}\) and costs \(\$20\). Lucas claims, “Because the large bag costs more altogether, its price per kilogram is also higher.” Is Lucas correct? Calculate the price of \(1\,\text{kg}\) of apples in each bag.

Two swim teams practice three times each week. The Minnows practice for \(45\) minutes each time, and the Sharks practice for \(60\) minutes each time. Over \(4\) weeks, how many more minutes do the Sharks practice than the Minnows?

A collection tank must hold \(15{,}000\,\text{L}\) of water. It receives \(4250\,\text{L}\) on Monday, \(5180\,\text{L}\) on Tuesday, and \(3940\,\text{L}\) on Wednesday. A leak lets \(285\,\text{L}\) drain out. How much more water is needed to fill the tank?

A nursery ships flower seedlings in equal-sized packages. Four packages contain \(56\) seedlings altogether. A customer wants \(126\) seedlings and says, “I will need exactly twice as many packages as I would for \(56\) seedlings.” Is the customer correct? Support your answer with calculations.

Class 3A harvests \(56\,\text{kg}\) of apples on Monday. On Tuesday, the class harvests \(16\,\text{kg}\) fewer than on Monday. The entire harvest is packed into crates that hold \(8\,\text{kg}\) each. a) How many crates are filled altogether? b) Would more or fewer crates be needed if each crate held \(12\,\text{kg}\)? Explain briefly without calculating again.

At a grocery store, \(4\) packages of juice cost \(\$12\) altogether. Ms. Weber has \(\$45\) to buy juice for a school event. What is the greatest number of packages she can buy?

A gardener buys young rose bushes for a park. Four bushes cost \(\$36\) altogether. The gardener needs \(15\) bushes for a new flower bed and pays with one \(\$100\) bill and one \(\$50\) bill. How much change does the gardener receive?

A baker made \(135\) dinner rolls and packs \(7\) rolls in each bag. a) How many bags can the baker fill completely? b) How many rolls will be left over? c) How many more rolls would the baker need to fill one additional bag?

Six apples of equal weight weigh \(900\,\text{g}\) altogether. How much do four of the apples weigh?

A machine packages \(45\) boxes every \(5\) minutes at a constant rate. It runs for \(20\) minutes, and then \(35\) of the boxes fail inspection. How many usable boxes remain?

A soccer stadium has \(2500\) seats. During the first ticket sale, \(845\) tickets are sold. During the second sale, \(125\) more tickets are sold than during the first sale. Sponsors also receive \(210\) complimentary tickets. How many seats remain available?

A box contains \(120\) building blocks. One-third of the blocks are red, one-eighth are blue, and the rest are yellow. Find the number of yellow blocks. Are there more red blocks or yellow blocks? Support your answer with a comparison.

A nursery plants \(22\) large flower boxes with \(12\) pansies in each box and \(18\) small boxes with \(8\) pansies in each box. After planting, \(25\) pansies remain on the supply cart. How many pansies were available at the beginning?

Drinks are delivered for a school fair. The delivery includes \(16\) cases of water with \(12\) bottles in each case and \(14\) cases of juice with \(15\) bottles in each case. a) How many bottles were delivered altogether? b) A volunteer says, “If we had ordered \(20\) cases with \(20\) bottles in each case, we would have received more bottles.” Is the volunteer correct? Compare the two totals.

A class buys drinks for a school party: \(15\) bottles of apple juice at \(\$2\) each and \(24\) bottles of sparkling water at \(\$1\) each. After the purchase, \(\$13\) remains in the class fund. How much money was in the fund before the purchase?

A teacher cuts pieces from a long wooden strip for a classroom project. She cuts \(18\) pieces that are each \(50\,\text{cm}\) long and \(25\) pieces that are each \(30\,\text{cm}\) long. A piece \(85\,\text{cm}\) long remains. How long was the original wooden strip in centimeters?

A gardener plans to plant \(120\) seedlings. After working for \(4\) hours, \(32\) seedlings remain. If the gardener planted the same number each hour, how many seedlings were planted per hour?

A toy factory plans to package \(400\) toy cars during the morning. After \(3\) hours, \(160\) cars remain. On average, how many cars were packaged in each of the \(3\) hours?

A beekeeper fills \(380\) jars with honey. At a farmers market, the beekeeper sells \(80\) jars in the morning. The remaining jars will be divided equally among \(5\) boxes for delivery to a grocery store. A helper claims, “Each box will contain exactly \(50\) jars.” Is the helper correct? Calculate how many jars should actually be packed in each box.

Three jars contain \(90\) marbles altogether. To make the amounts equal, Leo moves \(5\) marbles from the first jar to the second jar. Then he moves \(7\) marbles from the first jar to the third jar. Each jar now contains the same number of marbles. How many marbles were originally in each jar?

A bookshelf holds \(600\) books when full. Students have already unpacked \(8\) boxes containing the same number of books. The shelf still has room for \(120\) more books. How many books were in each box?

Three crates contain \(75\) apples altogether. Six apples are removed from the first crate, and \(3\) apples are removed from the second crate. The three crates then contain equal numbers of apples. How many apples were in each crate at the beginning?

Four children collected \(100\) acorns altogether. Ethan loses \(8\) acorns, and Maya finds \(4\) more. The other two children’s amounts do not change. Afterward, all four children have the same number of acorns. How many acorns did each child have at the beginning?

Max wants to buy sticker packs. Large packs cost \(\$7\), and small packs cost \(\$4\). Max is exactly \(\$5\) short of having enough money for \(4\) large packs. How many small packs can he buy instead, and how much money will he have left?

A gardener has \(450\) flower bulbs in \(6\) boxes. After removing \(30\) rotten bulbs, the gardener redistributes the remaining bulbs equally among the \(6\) boxes. How many flower bulbs are now in each box?

Three children have \(80\) marbles altogether. After Tom loses \(8\) marbles, all three children have the same number of marbles. a) How many marbles does each child have now? b) How many marbles did Tom have at first? c) At first, did each of the other two children have more or fewer marbles than Tom?

Three friends share the cost of a large bag of marbles that costs \(\$12\). Lucas takes \(15\) marbles, Tim takes \(25\), and Sarah takes the remaining \(20\). Each person will pay for the number of marbles taken. How much should each person pay?

A package of \(5\) glitter stickers costs \(60\) cents. Lucas has saved \(\$3\) and wants to buy exactly \(30\) stickers. Does he have enough money? Support your answer with a calculation.

Three fourth-grade rooms collect paper for recycling. Room 8 collects \(14\,\text{kg}\). Room 10 collects four times as much as Room 8. Room 12 collects \(20\,\text{kg}\) less than Room 10. 1) How many kilograms does Room 12 collect? 2) How many kilograms do the three rooms collect altogether?

Students plant flowers in a school garden on three Fridays. They plant \(15\) flowers on the first Friday. On the second Friday, they plant three times as many as on the first. On the third Friday, they plant \(12\) more than on the second. 1) How many flowers do they plant on the third Friday? 2) Do they plant more flowers on the third Friday than on the first two Fridays combined? Justify your answer.

Julia is spending \(7\) days at summer camp. During the first \(3\) days, she spends \(\$8\) each day. She then sees that the money she has left is \(\$12\) more than the total she has spent so far. If she divides her remaining money equally among the days left, how much can she spend each day?

A water tank is used to irrigate a sports field. During the first \(4\) days, \(60\,\text{gal}\) are used each day. The amount left in the tank is \(90\,\text{gal}\) less than the total amount used during those \(4\) days. The remaining water must last for the next \(5\) days. How many gallons can be used each day?

A school flea-market booth earns \(\$84\). It sells \(4\) books for \(\$6\) each. The rest of the money comes from stuffed animals sold for \(\$5\) each. How many items were sold altogether?

A fruit seller receives \(152\,\text{lb}\) of apples. The delivery includes \(6\) large crates containing \(18\,\text{lb}\) each and several small crates containing \(11\,\text{lb}\) each. How many crates are in the delivery altogether?

A garden center uses \(35\) quarts of potting soil to fill \(5\) equal planters. a) How many quarts are needed to fill \(8\) planters? b) Ms. Miller has \(60\) quarts of potting soil. How many planters can she fill completely, and how many quarts will remain?

Seven fence posts are placed at equal distances along a straight \(24\,\text{m}\) section of road. The first post is at \(0\,\text{m}\), and the last post is at \(24\,\text{m}\). What is the distance between two neighboring posts?

Max removes \(24\) marbles from a box. Sophie then removes three times as many marbles as Max. There are \(15\) marbles left in the box. How many marbles were in the box at the beginning?

Lucas is saving for a bicycle that costs \(\$240\). He saves \(\$15\) in January. In February, he saves three times as much as in January. In March, he saves \(\$20\) less than in February. How much more money does Lucas need at the end of March?

A gardener plants \(21\) rosebushes in one straight row. Each rosebush is exactly \(4\,\text{m}\) from the next one. The first rosebush is at the beginning of the row, and the last is at the end. How long is the row?

A \(30\,\text{m}\) string will be decorated with small flags for a school event. a) If a flag is placed every \(3\,\text{m}\), including at both ends of the string, how many flags are needed? b) If the spacing is changed to \(5\,\text{m}\), how many fewer flags are needed than in part a)?

A small robot travels \(320\,\text{m}\) in \(4\) minutes. A newer robot travels \(15\,\text{m}\) farther each minute. How many meters does the newer robot travel in one minute?

A custodian delivers \(6\) cases of bottled water containing \(72\) bottles altogether. For a large school celebration, the custodian orders \(15\) identical cases. How many bottles are delivered for the celebration?

On a day in March, daylight and nighttime each last \(12\) hours. On a short day in December, the daylight period is half as long as it is in March. How many hours does the night last on that December day? Assume a full day has \(24\) hours.

At an amusement park, the Blue Bolt roller coaster is \(645\,\text{m}\) long. The new Red Dragon coaster is \(278\,\text{m}\) longer than the Blue Bolt. a) How long is the Red Dragon? b) Are \(1500\,\text{m}\) of track enough to build both coasters? Show a calculation to support your answer.

The Miller family is planning a vacation. A one-way trip to the coast is \(534\,\text{miles}\). A one-way trip to the mountains is \(218\,\text{miles}\) longer. How many miles would the family travel on a round trip to the mountains?

A school buys \(750\) sheets of craft paper for project week. Each of \(9\) groups receives \(65\) sheets. How many sheets remain in storage?

A school library receives \(145\) books on Monday. On Tuesday, it receives \(67\) more books than on Monday. On Wednesday, it receives \(25\) fewer books than the Monday and Tuesday deliveries combined. How many books arrive on Wednesday?

Three fourth-grade classes collect aluminum cans for an environmental project. Class 4A collects \(326\) cans. Class 4B collects \(47\) fewer cans than Class 4A. Class 4C collects \(85\) more cans than Classes 4A and 4B combined. a) How many cans did Class 4C collect? b) Did the three classes collect more than \(1200\) cans altogether? Support your answer with a calculation.

A store sells small packages containing \(125\) colored pencils and large packages containing \(160\) colored pencils. Ms. Miller buys \(4\) small packages, and Mr. Smith buys \(3\) large packages. Who buys more pencils, and by how many?

Lucas packs grapes for a school fair. Each bag needs exactly \(145\,\text{g}\) of grapes, and he has \(750\,\text{g}\) altogether. Does he have enough to fill \(5\) bags? How many grams will be left, or how many more grams will he need?

Lucas has \(8\) packs with \(15\) stickers in each pack. Mia has \(6\) packs with \(22\) stickers in each pack. Who has more stickers, and how many more?

A nursery harvests \(400\) tulips. The workers first make \(8\) large bouquets with \(15\) tulips in each bouquet. All the remaining tulips are divided into small bouquets with \(7\) tulips each. How many small bouquets can the workers make?

A gardener buys \(8\) rose bushes for \(\$12\) each and several lavender plants for \(\$5\) each. The total cost is \(\$151\). How many lavender plants does the gardener buy?

Sarah buys \(15\) pens for her class for \(\$4\) each and several drawing pads for \(\$3\) each. She pays with \(\$100\) and receives \(\$7\) in change. How many drawing pads does Sarah buy?

The Johnson family buys \(4\) young trees for \(\$125\) each and one bag of fertilizer for \(\$38\). The Patel family buys \(6\) shrubs for \(\$82\) each and soil for \(\$54\). Which family spends more, and what is the difference?

A fourth-grade class of \(24\) students is comparing two museum-trip offers. - Offer A: Admission is \(\$12\) per student, plus a one-time bus fee of \(\$55\). - Offer B: Admission and the bus are included for a flat price of \(\$310\). Which offer costs less, and how much does the class save?

Two school classes collect acorns in the fall for a wildlife habitat project. Class 3A fills \(8\) bags containing \(72\,\text{kg}\) of acorns altogether. Class 3B fills \(6\) bags containing \(36\,\text{kg}\) altogether. Every bag filled by the same class has an equal weight. a) How many kilograms are in one Class 3A bag? b) How many kilograms are in one Class 3B bag? c) Which class collects more per bag?

A nursery places young plants on tables. In the first section, \(450\) plants are divided equally among \(9\) tables. In the second section, \(490\) plants are divided equally among \(7\) tables. How many more plants are on each table in the second section than on each table in the first section?

At the beginning of the semester, each of the \(24\) students in Class 4B receives \(4\) lined notebooks and \(3\) graph-paper notebooks. How many notebooks must be ordered for the class altogether?

A small animal sanctuary cares for \(6\) ponies. Each pony eats \(10\,\text{lb}\) of hay per day. The owner has \(900\,\text{lb}\) of hay. Is that enough to feed all the ponies for \(14\) days? How much hay will be left, or how much more is needed?

Leonie has \(12\) seashells. Her mother has six times as many seashells as Leonie. Her cousin has \(50\) fewer seashells than her mother. How many more seashells does the cousin have than Leonie?

A sports club has \(\$450\) to buy equipment. A coach buys \(6\) basketballs for \(\$24\) each and \(4\) identical sports bags. After the purchase, \(\$194\) remains. What is the price of one sports bag?

A store has \(8\) shelves with \(42\) notebooks on each shelf. During a sale, the store sells \(175\) notebooks. On Friday evening, a delivery adds \(60\) new notebooks. How many notebooks are on the shelves Saturday morning?

A worker at a strawberry farm earns \(\$125\) per day. The owner hires \(6\) workers for \(4\) days. How much will the owner pay all the workers in total?

A school festival committee buys \(3\) cases of apple juice for each of \(6\) classes. Each case costs \(\$14\). The committee budgeted \(\$300\) for the juice. How much money will remain after the purchase?

A farmer packs potatoes into \(24\) small sacks weighing \(15\,\text{lb}\) each and \(16\) large sacks weighing \(45\,\text{lb}\) each. What is the total weight of the potato harvest?

A movie theater has two auditoriums. One auditorium has \(14\) rows with \(18\) seats in each row. The other has \(12\) rows with \(22\) seats in each row. How many seats are in the two auditoriums altogether?

A gardener is planting flower beds in a city park. Eight tulip beds each hold \(55\) bulbs, and \(12\) daffodil beds each hold \(45\) bulbs. Before planting, the gardener finds that \(15\) tulip bulbs and \(20\) daffodil bulbs are damaged and must be discarded. How many healthy bulbs will be planted altogether?

A gardener buys \(12\) red rose plants for \(\$5\) each and several white rose plants for \(\$7\) each. The total cost is \(\$95\). How many white rose plants does the gardener buy? How much more do all the red rose plants cost than all the white rose plants?

An elementary school attends a theater performance. A child’s ticket costs \(\$6\), and an adult ticket costs \(\$9\). The school spends \(\$78\) on children’s tickets and \(\$54\) on adult tickets. How many people attend the performance altogether?

A school garden buys \(20\) rose bushes for \(\$16\) each and \(20\) lavender plants. Each lavender plant costs \(\$9\) less than one rose bush. The school has a budget of \(\$500\). Is the budget enough? Find the total cost and the amount left over or still needed.

A library sorts all its books into three groups: adult nonfiction, children's fiction, and comics. Each book is in just one group. It has \(64\) adult nonfiction books and \(5\) times as many children's fiction books. There are twice as many comics as the other two groups combined. How many books are there altogether?

A bakery makes \(132\) rolls on Monday. On Tuesday, it makes \(3\) times as many rolls as on Monday. On Wednesday, it makes \(4\) times as many rolls as the Monday and Tuesday amounts combined. How many rolls does the bakery make over the three days altogether?

A baker has a \(50\,\text{kg}\) bag of flour. For the first \(4\) days, the baker uses \(6\,\text{kg}\) each day to make bread. After that, the baker uses \(5\,\text{kg}\) each day to make rolls. For how many complete days does the flour last altogether, and how much flour remains?

Leonie has collected \(135\) stickers. She places \(15\) stickers on each of the first \(4\) pages of her album. She puts \(9\) stickers on each additional page. How many additional pages can she fill, and how many stickers remain?

An elementary school orders fruit for a school event. The order includes \(14\) crates of apples weighing \(12\,\text{lb}\) each and \(16\) crates of pears weighing \(9\,\text{lb}\) each. How many more pounds do the apples weigh than the pears?

A truck carries \(25\) bags of playground sand weighing \(20\,\text{lb}\) each and \(18\) buckets of gravel weighing \(15\,\text{lb}\) each. The truck may carry at most \(1000\,\text{lb}\) of cargo. How many more pounds can be added?

In a school fun run, Class 4A raises \(\$135\). Class 4B raises \(3\) times as much as Class 4A. Class 4C raises twice as much as Class 4B. New playground equipment costs \(\$1500\). Did the three classes raise enough money? Support your answer with a calculation.

Lucas has saved \(\$220\) for skateboarding gear. A skateboard costs \(\$84\). Knee pads cost half as much as the skateboard. A helmet costs \(\$15\) more than the knee pads. How much money will Lucas have left after buying all three items?

A fourth-grade class has raised \(\$350\) for an end-of-year picnic. The picnic-site rental costs \(\$120\). Drinks cost one-third of the rental fee, and food costs three times as much as the drinks. The remaining money will be used for decorations. How much money is available for decorations?

The Miller family uses \(145\,\text{gal}\) of water per day. The Schmidt family uses \(112\,\text{gal}\) per day. Does the Miller family use more or less water in \(7\) days than the Schmidt family uses in \(9\) days? Find the exact difference in gallons.

A baker uses two sizes of baking sheets. In the morning, each sheet holds \(18\) rolls, and the baker fills \(14\) sheets. In the afternoon, each smaller sheet holds \(15\) rolls, and the baker fills \(16\) sheets. The baker says, “I filled more sheets in the afternoon, so I must have baked more rolls then.” Is the baker correct? Compare the two totals.

A baker makes \(245\) pretzels on Saturday morning. In the afternoon, the baker makes \(85\) fewer pretzels than in the morning. All the pretzels will be packed in bags that can hold up to \(8\) pretzels each. The baker has \(50\) empty bags. Are there enough bags? Justify your answer with calculations.

Six packages of tile weigh \(240\,\text{kg}\) altogether. All the packages have the same weight. a) How much does one package weigh? b) A tile installer needs only \(4\) of the packages for a small bathroom. How much do those \(4\) packages weigh altogether?

A stork flies \(450\,\text{km}\) in \(3\) days during migration. A crane flies \(560\,\text{km}\) in \(4\) days. If each bird flies the same distance each day, which bird travels farther in one day?

A crate contains \(24\) apples. A vendor adds apples until the crate contains five times as many apples as it did at first. How many apples does the vendor add?

A bus has \(14\) passengers. At the first stop, enough people board to triple the number of passengers. At the second stop, \(8\) people leave and \(5\) people board. How many passengers are now on the bus?

A small town once had \(8\) streetlights. It now has six times as many streetlights. By how many streetlights has the number increased?

A school fair has \(15\,\text{L}\) of apple juice and four times as many liters of orange juice. How many liters of juice are available altogether?

For a school event, Class 3A buys lemonade. Eight cases cost \(\$72\) altogether. The teacher decides that the class needs \(12\) cases. How much do the \(12\) cases cost altogether?

A stationery store has three containers of pencils. The first contains \(120\) pencils. The second contains exactly half as many as the first. The third contains \(20\) fewer pencils than the second. All the pencils are combined and divided equally among \(4\) new boxes. How many pencils are placed in each box?

Two classes are raising money for an animal shelter. Class 4A has a goal of \(\$720\) and has already raised one-eighth of that amount. Class 4B has a goal of \(\$600\) and has already raised one-fifth of that amount. Which class still needs to raise more money to reach its goal? What is the difference between the amounts the two classes still need?

At a flea market, a child sells packages of trading cards. Each package contains \(10\) cards and costs \(\$2\). By the end of the day, the child has collected \(\$48\). How many trading cards were sold altogether?

Four friends buy \(3\) new books for \(\$12\) each and a large board game for \(\$32\) for their classroom game area. They divide the total cost equally. How much does each child pay?

A group of \(9\) children plans a trip. Their tickets cost \(\$108\) altogether, and they spend another \(\$45\) on food. They use a \(\$9\) coupon toward the total cost. If the remaining cost is divided equally, how much does each child pay?

The table shows distances between five fictional towns, in miles. <table><thead><tr><th>Distances in miles</th><th>Pine Ridge</th><th>Cedar Falls</th><th>Lakeview</th><th>Hillcrest</th><th>Brookside</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th>Pine Ridge</th><td>---</td><td>65</td><td>30</td><td>70</td><td>115</td></tr><tr><th>Cedar Falls</th><td>65</td><td>---</td><td>50</td><td>130</td><td>175</td></tr><tr><th>Lakeview</th><td>30</td><td>50</td><td>---</td><td>100</td><td>145</td></tr><tr><th>Hillcrest</th><td>70</td><td>130</td><td>100</td><td>---</td><td>45</td></tr><tr><th>Brookside</th><td>115</td><td>175</td><td>145</td><td>45</td><td>---</td></tr></tbody></table> A group travels Brookside \(\rightarrow\) Hillcrest \(\rightarrow\) Lakeview \(\rightarrow\) Pine Ridge \(\rightarrow\) Cedar Falls. How many miles does the group travel altogether?

A delivery van must travel from Harbor City to Riverton with two stops. The table shows distances in miles between five fictional towns. <table><thead><tr><th>Distances in miles</th><th>Harbor City</th><th>Westport</th><th>Greenfield</th><th>Northgate</th><th>Riverton</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th>Harbor City</th><td>---</td><td>35</td><td>60</td><td>30</td><td>175</td></tr><tr><th>Westport</th><td>35</td><td>---</td><td>30</td><td>65</td><td>145</td></tr><tr><th>Greenfield</th><td>60</td><td>30</td><td>---</td><td>90</td><td>115</td></tr><tr><th>Northgate</th><td>30</td><td>65</td><td>90</td><td>---</td><td>205</td></tr><tr><th>Riverton</th><td>175</td><td>145</td><td>115</td><td>205</td><td>---</td></tr></tbody></table> Route A: Harbor City \(\rightarrow\) Westport \(\rightarrow\) Greenfield \(\rightarrow\) Riverton Route B: Harbor City \(\rightarrow\) Northgate \(\rightarrow\) Greenfield \(\rightarrow\) Riverton Which route is shorter, and by how many miles?

An orchard harvests \(600\,\text{lb}\) of apples. Workers remove \(48\,\text{lb}\) of damaged apples. The remaining apples are divided equally among \(6\) large crates. How many pounds of apples are placed in each crate?

Two fourth-grade classes raise money at a flea market for a charity. Class 4A raises \(\$245\), and Class 4B raises \(\$275\). They first pay \(\$50\) for booth and supply costs. They donate the remaining money equally to two animal shelters. How much does each shelter receive?

\(5\) identical machines fill a total of \(900\,\text{L}\) of juice in \(6\) hours. Each machine fills the same amount each hour. How many liters does one machine fill in one hour?

There are \(22\) students on the playground. After two boys leave for lunch, the number of girls and boys on the playground is the same. How many girls and how many boys were on the playground at first? Briefly explain your reasoning.

A fruit bowl contains \(16\) apples and pears altogether. After Paul eats one pear, there are exactly twice as many apples as pears. How many apples and pears were in the bowl at first?

An elementary school receives \(8\) boxes of new notebooks. Each box contains \(50\) notebooks. The school will give each class a bundle of \(20\) notebooks. For how many classes are there enough notebooks?

A fruit seller receives \(5\) crates of apples weighing \(24\,\text{lb}\) each. a) How many \(3\)-pound bags can be filled? b) How many fewer bags are needed if \(4\)-pound bags are used instead?

A home improvement store sells \(6\) packages of paving stones for \(\$120\) altogether. One package of edging stones costs \(\$15\) more than one package of paving stones. How much do \(8\) packages of edging stones cost?

A teacher buys \(8\) packages of markers for \(\$32\). Another teacher wants \(12\) packages of the same markers and has a \(\$50\) bill. Is \(\$50\) enough? Support your answer with a calculation.

A school library plans to buy \(6\) bookcases. Each bookcase costs \(\$120\), and each one also needs a \(\$15\) bookend set. The library has a budget of \(\$850\). Is the budget enough for the entire order? Justify your answer.

Six flower beds in a city park will be planted with bulbs. The delivery includes \(4\) bags with \(145\) bulbs each, \(3\) bags with \(120\) bulbs each, and one bag with \(110\) bulbs. If all the bulbs are divided equally among the beds, how many bulbs will be planted in each bed?

A farm has \(8\) goats and \(960\,\text{lb}\) of hay. Each goat eats \(4\,\text{lb}\) of hay per day. How many days will the hay last for all the goats?

A class buys \(30\) plants for a garden project. Twelve are tomato plants costing \(\$2\) each. The remaining plants are herb plants costing \(\$3\) each. The class pays with \(\$100\). How much change does it receive?

A class of \(24\) students and \(2\) teachers visits a museum. Individual tickets cost \(\$5\) per student and \(\$8\) per teacher. A group ticket for everyone costs \(\$130\). Which option costs less, and what is the difference in price?

Two art classes order identical watercolor sets. Class 4A orders \(12\) sets, and Class 4B orders \(15\) sets. Class 4B’s bill is \(\$36\) more than Class 4A’s bill. a) How much does one watercolor set cost? b) How much does each class pay? c) How much do the two classes pay altogether?

For a school festival, Mr. Weber buys \(20\,\text{lb}\) of apples at \(\$2\) per pound. He also buys pears. He buys \(4\,\text{lb}\) fewer pears than apples, and pears cost \(\$1\) more per pound than apples. Mr. Weber has \(\$100\). Is that enough? How much money will he have left, or how much more will he need?

A school buys art supplies. Class 4A receives \(7\) watercolor sets at \(\$14\) each. Class 4B receives \(9\) oil-paint sets. Each oil-paint set costs \(\$6\) more than a watercolor set. How much does the school pay altogether?

An orchard sells fruit by the crate. A crate of apples costs \(\$18\), and the orchard sells \(15\) crates. It also sells \(12\) crates of pears. Each crate of pears costs twice as much as a crate of apples. How much greater is the revenue from the pear crates than the revenue from the apple crates?

Two bags contain \(100\,\text{oz}\) of flour altogether, not counting the bags' own weights. After \(10\,\text{oz}\) of flour is moved from the first bag to the second, the amounts of flour in the two bags are equal. How many ounces of flour were originally in each bag?

A hiking group travels a total of \(12\,\text{mi}\). The group hikes one-fourth of the distance through a forest and one-third across a meadow. The rest of the route is a steep climb. How many miles long is the climbing section?

A sports club buys \(6\) basketball sets for \(\$432\) altogether. It also buys \(9\) volleyball sets whose total cost is \(\$54\) more than the basketball-set total. Which type of ball set costs more per set, and by how much?

A wildlife park has two rabbit areas. The first area has \(14\) hutches with \(4\) rabbits in each hutch. The second area has \(11\) hutches with \(6\) rabbits in each hutch. Which area has more rabbits, and how many more?

Animals are counted at a safari park. There are \(144\) zebras. There are four times as many antelopes as zebras. The number of lions is one-sixth the number of zebras. There are \(120\) fewer giraffes than zebras. How many animals of these four species live in the park altogether?

A farmers market starts the day with: - \(30\) jars of honey at \(\$7\) each - \(45\) jars of jam at \(\$4\) each - \(60\) cartons of eggs at \(\$3\) each At the end of the day, \(12\) jars of honey, \(18\) jars of jam, and \(15\) cartons of eggs remain. Which product earns the most money, and what is the market’s total revenue from these three products?

At a field day, \(6\) groups of \(12\) students participate. Each student receives one bottle of water and one apple. a) How many items are distributed altogether? b) Lucas uses \(6 \times 12 + 6 \times 12\). Julia uses \(6 \times 24\). Are both methods correct? Explain where Julia gets \(24\).

A school garden has two tulip beds. The first bed has \(4\) rows with \(18\) tulips in each row. The second bed has \(5\) rows with \(14\) tulips in each row. Which bed has more tulips, and how many more?

A gardener buys \(15\) red flowers for \(\$4\) each and then has \(\$20\) remaining. The gardener wonders how many yellow flowers could have been bought with all the original money if each yellow flower cost \(\$8\). How many yellow flowers could the gardener have bought?

At a school snack bar, small pretzels cost \(40\) cents and large pretzels cost \(70\) cents. Felix buys \(6\) small pretzels for his friends and has \(60\) cents left. Did he have enough money at the start to buy \(5\) large pretzels instead? Explain.

A fruit farm harvests \(456\,\text{lb}\) of apples. The pear harvest is one-half as large as the apple harvest. The plum harvest is \(85\,\text{lb}\) less than the pear harvest. How many pounds of fruit are harvested altogether?

A fourth-grade class wants to raise \(\$2000\) for a class trip. In the first week, a bake sale raises \(\$420\). In the second week, a flea market raises twice as much as the first week. In the third week, the class raises \(\$150\) less than in the second week. How much more money does the class need to reach its goal?

Lucas has \(14\) bags with \(6\) marbles in each bag. His sister Marie has \(8\) bags with \(11\) marbles in each bag. Who has more marbles, and how many more?

A gardener plants \(28\) rows with \(7\) tulips in each row in one flower bed. In a second bed, the gardener plants \(35\) rows with \(5\) daffodils in each row. Which bed has more flowers, and what is the difference?

Lucas has saved \(\$42\). He buys \(4\) card games for \(\$6\) each. With the remaining money, he buys as many comic books as possible for \(\$5\) each. How many comic books can Lucas buy, and how much money remains?

A gardener has enough tulip bulbs to plant \(12\) rows with \(9\) bulbs in each row and still have \(12\) bulbs left. The gardener changes the plan and puts \(8\) bulbs in each row so that no bulbs remain. How many rows can be planted under the new plan?

Four children are saving for a project. They currently have: - Lucas: \(\$12\) - Mia: \(\$17\) - Noah: \(\$9\) - Sara: \(\$22\) They will add money so that each child ends with the same amount and together they have exactly \(\$100\). How much must each child add? How much will they add altogether?

A nursery has \(45\) red roses. It has three times as many yellow roses as red roses. It has \(56\) fewer white roses than yellow roses. How many white roses are there?

An orchard harvests \(15\,\text{kg}\) of apples in its first year. In the second year, the harvest is six times as large. How many more kilograms are harvested in the second year than in the first year?

A fruit seller receives \(180\,\text{kg}\) of fruit in crates. There are \(15\) crates of apples that each weigh \(4\,\text{kg}\). The remaining weight comes from crates of pears that each weigh \(8\,\text{kg}\). How many crates does the seller receive altogether?

Admission to a museum field trip costs \(\$6\) per student. A class has \(32\) students. The museum also offers a class rate of \(\$180\). Which option costs less, and how much does the class save?

A small truck carries \(250\,\text{kg}\) of sand per trip and makes \(4\) trips each day. A large truck carries \(450\,\text{kg}\) per trip but makes only \(2\) trips each day. Which truck carries more sand in one day, and what is the difference in kilograms?

A bakery sells bags containing \(5\) rolls each. Jonas has \(7\) quarters, \(5\) dimes, and \(5\) nickels. This money is exactly enough to buy one bag. How many cents does one roll cost?

Two third-grade classes collect pinecones for a craft project. Class 3A collects \(135\) pinecones, and Class 3B collects \(145\). Each craft figure requires exactly \(7\) pinecones. The teacher claims, “We can make exactly \(40\) figures from all our pinecones.” Use calculations to determine whether the teacher is correct.

An art teacher needs exactly \(24\) watercolor sets. One set costs \(\$5\), or a pack of \(4\) sets costs \(\$18\). How much does the teacher save by buying only packs of \(4\) instead of individual sets?

Lucas has saved \(95\) cents. Dinner rolls cost \(24\) cents each. a) Find the prices of \(1\), \(2\), \(3\), and \(4\) rolls. b) Can Lucas buy \(4\) rolls? Use your results from part a to explain. c) How much change will he receive if he buys \(3\) rolls?

At a craft store, one glitter sticker costs \(35\) cents. A special pack of \(3\) stickers costs \(90\) cents. a) How much would \(3\) individual stickers cost? Which option costs less, and what is the difference? b) Ms. Meyer has \(\$2.00\). What is the greatest number of special packs she can buy, and how much money will remain?

At a beverage store, \(5\) cases of lemonade cost \(\$40\) altogether. Each case contains \(4\) large bottles. How much does one bottle of lemonade cost?

A fruit seller offers \(8\) crates of apples, each containing \(5\,\text{kg}\), for \(\$120\) altogether. At the same price per kilogram, how much do \(3\,\text{kg}\) of the apples cost?

A large city library has \(125{,}450\) books in its children’s and young adult section and \(243{,}120\) books in its adult section. It buys \(15{,}230\) new children’s and young adult books and \(22{,}845\) new adult books. How many books does the library have after the purchases?

Two wildlife parks compare their animal populations. Greenwood Park has \(156{,}780\) birds and \(42{,}350\) mammals. Lakeside Park has \(189{,}200\) birds and \(12{,}400\) mammals. During the summer: - Greenwood gains \(12{,}450\) birds, while its mammal population decreases by \(3120\). - Lakeside loses \(5600\) birds and gains \(18{,}700\) mammals. Which park has more animals after these changes, and what is the difference?

A bookseller packs heavy reference books in identical boxes. Six boxes weigh \(48\,\text{kg}\) altogether. a) How much does one box weigh? b) How much do \(15\) of these boxes weigh altogether?

A concert sells \(38{,}450\) tickets in Chicago. It sells \(12{,}675\) more tickets in Dallas than in Chicago. It sells \(15{,}340\) fewer tickets in Seattle than in Dallas. How many tickets are sold in the three cities altogether?

A truck driver records the distance driven over three days. On Monday, the driver travels \(365\,\text{miles}\). On Tuesday, the driver travels \(145\,\text{miles}\) more than on Monday. On Wednesday, the driver travels \(210\,\text{miles}\) less than on Tuesday. How many miles does the driver travel altogether?

A large package contains \(240\) marbles. A small package contains one-fourth as many marbles as the large package. Paul buys one large package and two small packages. How many marbles does he buy altogether?

Tim is \(9\) years old. His sister Julia is \(3\) years older than Tim. Their father is three times as old as Julia. How old was their father when Tim was born?

Tim and Lisa have \(64\) stickers altogether. Tim gives Lisa \(4\) stickers, and then they have the same number. How many stickers did each person have at first?

A zoo turtle is \(60\) years old. The turtle is \(5\) times as old as a young elephant. How old was the turtle when the elephant was born?

Ms. Berger is \(42\) years old. Her son Lucas is \(7\), and her daughter Mia is twice as old as Lucas. a) How old was Ms. Berger when Mia was born? b) How old was Ms. Berger when Lucas was born? c) At which child’s birth was she older?

A warehouse has \(4\) pallets of flour, with \(1245\,\text{lb}\) on each pallet. A bakery needs \(5500\,\text{lb}\) for a large order. Is there enough flour? Find how many pounds are missing or left over.

Max has \(134\) marbles. His sister Lena has \(158\) marbles. How many marbles must Lena give Max so that they each have the same number?

Three friends collect pinecones in a park. Paul collects \(150\), Marie collects \(90\), and Jonas collects \(60\). They redistribute the pinecones so that each friend has the same number. Paul gives some of his pinecones to Marie and Jonas. How many pinecones does Marie receive, how many does Jonas receive, and how many does Paul give away altogether?

Two shelves hold \(92\) books altogether. The second shelf has \(18\) more books than the first shelf. How many books are on each shelf?

Three classes collect \(450\,\text{kg}\) of paper for a recycling contest. Classes A and B collect \(310\,\text{kg}\) altogether, and Class B collects \(20\,\text{kg}\) more than Class A. How many kilograms does each class collect?

A sports club wants to buy new balls. A soccer ball costs \(\$12\), and a basketball costs \(\$8\). The club wants to buy \(7\) soccer balls but is \(\$11\) short. 1. How much money is in the club's account? 2. Can the club buy \(10\) basketballs with that money? Justify your answer. 3. What is the greatest number of basketballs the club can buy, and how much money will remain?

A bakery packs half of a morning's rolls into one display case. That half contains \(40\) rolls. The bakery then prepares twice the original morning batch for an afternoon event. How many rolls are prepared for the afternoon event?

A crate of tile weighs \(18\,\text{lb}\). a) What is the total weight of \(30\) crates? b) A small trailer may carry at most \(1000\,\text{lb}\). May \(60\) crates be carried at once? Show a calculation.

A class of \(24\) students and \(2\) teachers visits a zoo. Student admission is \(\$6\), and adult admission is \(\$14\). What is the total admission cost for the group?

A class has \(\$150\) in its field-trip fund. Twenty-eight students and one teacher are visiting a museum. A student ticket costs \(\$4\), and an adult ticket costs \(\$9\). Is there enough money? If so, how much remains?

A group of \(25\) teenagers and \(2\) chaperones is going to a movie theater. They can choose between two pricing plans: 1. Individual tickets: \(\$7\) for each teenager and \(\$12\) for each adult. 2. Group price: For groups of at least \(25\) people, every person pays \(\$6\). Which plan costs less, and how much does the group save?

A gardener buys \(14\) pallets of red geraniums and \(9\) pallets of white geraniums. Each pallet holds \(120\) pots. How many more red geraniums than white geraniums did the gardener buy? Show two different methods.

Two fourth-grade classes collect acorns for animals at a wildlife center. Ms. Lee’s class fills \(18\) bags, and Mr. Green’s class fills \(23\) bags. Each bag weighs \(15\,\text{lb}\). a) How many more pounds of acorns does Mr. Green’s class collect? b) For its feeding plan, the center sets aside about \(3\,\text{lb}\) of these acorns per day for one deer. About how many days will the extra amount last?

An organic farm packs \(125\) bags of potatoes and \(75\) bags of onions each day. a) How many bags are packed during a \(30\)-day month? Solve in two different ways. b) The bags are loaded into shipping crates that each hold \(50\) bags. How many crates are needed for the month’s full amount?

A youth sports club buys \(8\) soccer balls for \(\$144\). a) What is the price of one ball? b) How much would \(15\) balls cost at the same price per ball?

Lucas, Mia, and Tom collect \(750\) acorns altogether. Lucas and Mia collect \(480\) acorns together. Mia and Tom collect \(510\) acorns together. Who collects more acorns, Lucas or Tom? How many more?

Four friends win \(\$1348\) in a contest and split the prize equally. Leon already has \(\$57\) in savings. How much money does Leon have after adding his share of the prize to his savings?

A school buys \(2\) packages containing \(250\) balloons each for a celebration. After decorating, \(112\) balloons remain. How many balloons were used?

A farm stand has \(15\) crates of apples, with \(28\,\text{lb}\) in each crate. Customers buy \(135\,\text{lb}\) of apples. The remaining apples are pressed into cider. It takes \(3\,\text{lb}\) of apples to make \(1\,\text{qt}\) of cider. How many quarts of cider can be made?

A school receives \(14\) boxes of markers with \(24\) markers in each box. First, \(8\) classes each receive a set of \(12\) markers. The remaining markers are divided equally into cups with \(6\) markers in each cup. a) How many cups can be filled? b) A teacher says, “There should be enough markers for \(50\) cups.” Is the teacher correct? Explain.

Three children are saving for a large tent that costs \(\$600\). Mia has saved \(\$150\). Ben has saved twice as much as Mia. Noah has saved \(\$80\) less than Ben. How much have they saved altogether? Do they have enough for the tent?

A community festival is held every \(3\) years. One festival was held in \(2002\), and the most recent festival in this period was held in \(2023\). a) How many festivals were held from \(2002\) through \(2023\), including both endpoint years? b) How many years in that same period did not have a festival?

A fruit farm has a large harvest this year. It harvests \(4250\,\text{lb}\) of apples. The pear harvest is \(1340\,\text{lb}\) less than the apple harvest. The plum harvest is exactly one-fourth of the combined weight of the apples and pears. How many pounds of fruit does the farm harvest altogether?

During a school district recycling drive, students collect \(1284\,\text{lb}\) of wastepaper. The weight of the glass collected is three times the weight of the paper. The plastic collected weighs one-sixth of the combined weight of the paper and glass. How many pounds of recyclable material are collected altogether?

A farm plans its weekly hay use carefully. The pony barn uses \(1356\,\text{lb}\) of hay. The cattle barn uses five times as much hay as the pony barn. The goat barn uses one-third as much hay as the cattle barn. How many pounds of hay do the three barns use altogether in one week?

A truck travels \(50\) miles in one hour. An express train travels twice that distance in one hour. How many miles does the train travel in \(5\) hours?

A wall-mounted bookcase has \(6\) wooden shelves that are each \(3\,\text{cm}\) thick. The \(5\) spaces between the shelves are each \(32\,\text{cm}\) high. Find the total height from the bottom of the lowest shelf to the top of the highest shelf.

A school garden has \(124\) tulips. It has twice as many daffodils as tulips and \(50\) fewer crocuses than daffodils. How many flowers are planted altogether?

Three classes record laps during a charity run. Class 3A completes \(210\) laps. Class 3B completes \(40\) more laps than Class 3A. Class 3C completes exactly half as many laps as Class 3B. How many laps do the three classes complete altogether?

At a school fair, students sell \(185\) raffle tickets in the morning. They sell \(40\) more tickets in the afternoon than in the morning. In the evening, they sell twice as many tickets as in the afternoon. How many tickets do they sell during the entire day?

An orchard delivers \(4\) crates of apples to a preschool. The apples in the delivery cost \(\$64\), at the same price per apple as in the orchard store. At the orchard store, \(10\) of the same apples cost \(\$4\). Each crate contains the same number of apples. How many apples are in each crate?

A produce distributor starts with \(850\,\text{kg}\) of apples. It delivers \(185\,\text{kg}\) to each of \(4\) schools. How many kilograms of apples remain after the deliveries?

A school has \(950\) raffle tickets to sell. Students sell \(215\) tickets in the morning and twice as many in the afternoon. Linnea says, “More than \(300\) tickets are left.” Is Linnea correct? Justify your answer.

A toy store has \(135\) packages of blue building blocks and four times as many packages of red building blocks. How many packages of blue and red blocks does the store have altogether?

At a field day, \(124\) students earn awards in the long jump. Seven times as many awards are given for the relay race. The principal printed \(1000\) awards. Are there enough awards for both events? Justify your answer.

A baker makes \(6\) trays with \(45\) rolls on each tray. The bakery sells \(142\) rolls in the morning and \(78\) in the afternoon. How many rolls are left at the end of the day?

A library buys \(4\) new bookcases that each hold \(115\) books. The library places \(325\) books on the new bookcases. How many spaces remain?

A school fair sells \(1250\) tickets altogether. It sells \(180\) more adult tickets than child tickets. The principal says, “We sold exactly \(715\) adult tickets.” Is the principal correct? Support your answer with a calculation.

For a craft contest, a teacher buys \(25\) packages of construction paper and \(8\) boxes of glitter gems. Each package of construction paper costs \(\$14\). She pays with six \(\$100\) bills and receives \(\$50\) in change. How much does one box of glitter gems cost?

Two trains travel long distances. Train A travels \(270\) miles in \(3\) hours. Train B travels \(320\) miles in \(4\) hours. Which train travels farther in one hour? Explain with calculations.

A school prepares \(960\) raffle tickets. Class 4A receives exactly half of all the tickets to sell. The remaining tickets are divided equally between Classes 4B and 4C. How many tickets does Class 4C receive?

A class fund contains \(\$750\), all in \(\$5\) bills. The class spends \(\$200\) on a field trip. How many \(\$5\) bills remain?

An elementary school receives \(845\) new pencils. The office keeps \(125\) pencils in reserve. The remaining pencils are divided equally among \(8\) classes. How many pencils does each class receive?

A school festival earns \(\$950\). The school must pay \(\$345\) for drinks and \(\$285\) for food. The remaining money is divided equally among the \(8\) participating classes. How much money does each class receive for its class fund?

A sports storeroom has \(6\) identical bins with \(80\) baseballs in each bin. After \(150\) baseballs are moved to another room, how many baseballs remain in the storeroom?

A community center buys new lounge furniture for \(\$4200\) and new kitchen equipment for \(\$4200\). It pays the total in \(10\) equal monthly payments. a) How much is each monthly payment? b) Suppose the furniture had cost \(\$500\) more and the kitchen equipment had cost \(\$500\) less. Would the monthly payment change? Explain.

Classes A and B are taking a camping trip. A boys’ tent holds at most \(5\) campers, and a girls’ tent holds at most \(4\) campers. The table shows the number of students. <table> <tr> <th></th> <th>Girls</th> <th>Boys</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Class A</td> <td>\(12\)</td> <td>\(13\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Class B</td> <td>\(14\)</td> <td>\(12\)</td> </tr> </table> Boys and girls sleep in separate tents, but students from the two classes may share tents. How many tents are needed altogether?

Students at an elementary school raise money at a yard sale for new recess equipment. First-grade classes raise \(\$1420\), second-grade classes raise \(\$1250\), and the third- and fourth-grade classes together raise \(\$2530\). The school plans to spend the money equally over \(5\) months. How much can it spend each month?

A wildlife park receives \(4125\,\text{kg}\) of hay during the first half of a year and \(3755\,\text{kg}\) during the second half. The hay is divided equally among \(8\) elephants. How many kilograms of hay does each elephant receive?

A wildlife park has \(240\) visitors on Friday. On Saturday, it has \(65\) more visitors than on Friday. On Sunday, it has \(120\) fewer visitors than on Saturday. How many visitors come to the park over the three days altogether?

Lucas wants to read a \(900\)-page book during vacation. He reads \(215\) pages in the first week. In the second week, he reads \(40\) fewer pages than in the first week. In the third week, he reads \(250\) pages. How many pages must Lucas read in the fourth week to finish the book?

Three ribbons are sewn together for a festival decoration. The red ribbon is \(245\,\text{cm}\) long. The blue ribbon is \(60\,\text{cm}\) shorter than the red ribbon but \(30\,\text{cm}\) longer than the green ribbon. The seams use a total of \(25\,\text{cm}\) of ribbon. How long is the finished decoration?

A produce seller receives \(400\,\text{kg}\) of apples and pears altogether. After selling \(240\,\text{kg}\) of apples, the seller has the same weight of apples and pears left. How many kilograms of apples and pears were there at first?

A summer camp has \(750\) campers. On the first morning, \(350\) boys go canoeing. The other boys stay at camp with all the girls. The number of boys and girls remaining at camp is then equal. How many boys and girls are enrolled altogether?

Two rolls of wire are a total of \(870\,\text{m}\) long. After \(150\,\text{m}\) is cut from the first roll, the two rolls are the same length. 1. How long was each roll at first? 2. How long is each roll after the \(150\,\text{m}\) is cut?

Two fourth-grade classes raise money for an animal shelter. One class raises \(\$36\) each school day, and the other raises \(\$44\) each school day. Their goal is \(\$1200\). a) How much do the classes raise together after \(10\) school days? b) How many school days will they need to reach their goal?

A school orders twice as many pencils as markers. The pencil order contains \(600\) pencils. If the school orders three times as many erasers as markers, how many erasers does it order?

At a flea market, Jan sells comic books for \(\$3\) each and adventure books for \(\$5\) each. He sells the same number of each kind and earns \(\$112\) altogether. a) How many comic books does Jan sell? b) How much would he earn if every item he sold had instead cost \(\$3\)?

A toy store receives building blocks packed in \(6\) red boxes and \(4\) blue boxes. Each box contains \(80\) blocks. a) How many blocks are in the shipment? Show two different methods. b) A preschool buys \(2\) of the red boxes. How many blocks from the shipment remain in the store?

A zoo feeds its elephants \(124\,\text{kg}\) of hay each day. How much hay do the elephants eat in one week of \(7\) days? Is a \(900\,\text{kg}\) supply enough for the week? Explain.

A factory packs \(235\) marbles in each mesh bag. a) How many marbles are in \(4\) full bags? b) If the factory begins with \(1000\) marbles and fills the \(4\) bags, how many marbles remain?

A puzzle has \(1000\) pieces. Julia places \(165\) pieces correctly on Saturday and three times as many on Sunday. How many pieces are still missing from the puzzle?

One farmer brings \(7\) sacks of potatoes weighing \(45\,\text{kg}\) each to a market. Another farmer brings \(6\) sacks of onions weighing \(55\,\text{kg}\) each. Which load is heavier, and what is the difference in weight?

A school has \(4\) cartons with \(60\) markers in each carton. The markers are shared equally among \(3\) classrooms. Write an equation using \(m\) for the number of markers each classroom receives, and then solve the equation.

Use the month lengths below to compare the first half of a year (January through June) with the second half (July through December). <table><tr><th>Months</th><th>Days in order</th></tr><tr><td>January–June</td><td>\(31,28,31,30,31,30\)</td></tr><tr><td>July–December</td><td>\(31,31,30,31,30,31\)</td></tr></table> In a leap year, February has \(29\) days instead of \(28\). a) How many days are in the first half of a non-leap year? b) How many days are in the second half? c) Which half is longer, and by how many days? d) How does that difference change in a leap year?

A printing machine prints \(50\) posters in \(5\) minutes. If it works at a constant rate, how many posters does it print in one hour, or \(60\) minutes?

A nursery sells young tomato plants in trays. One tray with \(6\) plants costs \(\$5\). A vegetable farmer spends \(\$125\) on these trays. How many plants does the farmer buy altogether?

A gardener has \(360\) tulip bulbs and plants \(9\) bulbs in each row. The gardener has already planted \(15\) rows. How many more rows must be planted to use all the bulbs?

A stationery store packs pens into boxes. <table> <tr><th>Pen color</th><th>Pens per box</th><th>Total pens</th></tr> <tr><td>Blue pens</td><td>\(8\)</td><td>\(480\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Red pens</td><td>\(6\)</td><td>\(\square\)</td></tr> </table> The store has the same number of boxes of each color. How many red pens are there altogether?

Lukas wants to buy a skateboard that costs \(\$140\). He has saved \(\$85\), and his grandmother gives him \(\$20\) for his birthday. He can save \(\$5\) each week. How many more weeks must Lukas save before he can buy the skateboard?

A small truck can carry at most \(600\,\text{kg}\). It is already carrying \(4\) heavy barrels that each weigh \(80\,\text{kg}\). The driver also wants to load \(8\) boxes of tile that each weigh \(40\,\text{kg}\). Can the driver load all \(8\) boxes without exceeding the limit? Justify your answer.

The table shows the tons of paper recycled in three cities during two consecutive years. <table> <tr><th>City</th><th>Year 1</th><th>Year 2</th></tr> <tr><td>Oakton</td><td>\(12{,}450\,\text{tons}\)</td><td>\(15{,}800\,\text{tons}\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Pineville</td><td>\(8900\,\text{tons}\)</td><td>\(12{,}150\,\text{tons}\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Maple City</td><td>\(5650\,\text{tons}\)</td><td>\(9400\,\text{tons}\)</td></tr> </table> a) Which city had the greatest increase in recycled paper from Year 1 to Year 2? b) How many more tons of paper were recycled across all three cities in Year 2 than in Year 1?

Three fictional museums summarized their attendance for two years. <table> <tr><th>Museum</th><th>Visitors in 2022</th><th>Visitors in 2023</th></tr> <tr><td>Harbor Science Center</td><td>\(215{,}400\)</td><td>\(248{,}900\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Maple Art Museum</td><td>\(178{,}250\)</td><td>\(165{,}300\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Riverbend History Museum</td><td>\(324{,}800\)</td><td>\(352{,}150\)</td></tr> </table> a) Find the total attendance at all three museums for each year. b) Find the difference between the two yearly totals. Was there an overall increase or decrease?

A bottle contains \(32\,\text{fl oz}\) of apple juice. Lucas first drinks \(\frac{1}{4}\) of the juice in the full bottle. Then his sister Marie drinks exactly \(\frac{1}{2}\) of the juice that remains. How many fluid ounces of juice are left in the bottle?

A field day lasts exactly one hour. Students spend \(\frac{1}{4}\) of the time warming up together and \(\frac{1}{2}\) of the time in running events. The remaining time is for the awards ceremony. How many minutes are left for the awards ceremony?

A fruit basket contains \(30\) pieces of fruit. One-fifth of the fruit are pears, one-third are apples, and the rest are bananas. Find the number of pears and apples. How many bananas are in the basket? Are there more apples or pears?

A farmer collects \(720\) eggs. One-sixth of the eggs are cracked and cannot be sold. The farmer packs the remaining eggs into small cartons that hold \(6\) eggs each. How many full cartons can the farmer pack?

A class has \(24\) students. One-third of the students ride bicycles to school, and one-fourth walk to school. The rest ride the bus. How many students ride the bus?

A bookstore has three locations. The table shows how many books each location sold in April and May. <table> <tr><th>Location</th><th>April</th><th>May</th></tr> <tr><td>Downtown</td><td>\(12{,}450\)</td><td>\(11{,}800\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Station</td><td>\(8920\)</td><td>\(10{,}250\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Westside</td><td>\(4130\)</td><td>\(4560\)</td></tr> </table> a) At which location were fewer books sold in May than in April? By how many books did sales decrease there? b) How many books were sold at all three locations over both months altogether?

Lucas walks from home toward a bus stop. After \(300\,\text{m}\), he realizes that he forgot his bus pass. He walks back home, gets the pass, and then walks directly to the bus stop. His fitness tracker shows that he walked \(1400\,\text{m}\) altogether. How far is the bus stop from his home?

An orchard stores \(325\,\text{kg}\) of apples and \(180\,\text{kg}\) of pears. In the morning, \(115\,\text{kg}\) of apples are delivered to a store. In the afternoon, \(95\,\text{kg}\) of newly harvested pears are added. How many kilograms of fruit are in storage at the end of the day?

A gardener plants \(9\) rows with \(35\) tulip bulbs in each row. There are \(78\) bulbs left in the basket. How many tulip bulbs were in the basket at the beginning?

Two classes collect pinecones for an art project. Class A fills \(8\) bags with \(45\) pinecones in each bag. Class B fills \(6\) bags with \(55\) pinecones in each bag. Which class collects more pinecones, and what is the difference?

For a school fitness program, Group A receives \(7\) packages with \(12\) jump ropes in each package. Group B receives \(5\) packages with \(16\) jump ropes in each package. Which group receives more jump ropes? How many jump ropes do the two groups receive altogether?

A toy bin contains \(150\) blue building blocks. It contains one-third as many red blocks as blue blocks. How many more blue blocks than red blocks are in the bin?

Lucas has \(48\) trading cards. His friend Finn has four times as many cards as Lucas. How many more cards does Finn have than Lucas?

A school fair prepares \(115\) cups of apple juice and three times as many cups of water. How many more cups of water than apple juice are prepared?

A library has books on three shelves. Shelf A has \(124\) books. Shelf B has half as many books as Shelf A. Shelf C has three times as many books as Shelf B. How many more books are on Shelf C than on Shelf A?

One shelf has \(45\) nonfiction books. Another shelf has three times as many mystery books. How many more mystery books than nonfiction books are there?

Students harvest \(120\,\text{kg}\) of potatoes from one garden bed. They harvest twice as much from a second bed and \(50\,\text{kg}\) less from a third bed than from the first. How many more kilograms are harvested from the second bed than from the third bed?

Lucas has saved \(\$160\). His older sister Marie has saved four times as much. How much more has Marie saved than Lucas?

Leon and Sophie each begin a game round with \(80\) points. Leon receives a \(20\)-point bonus before a “times four” multiplier is applied to his score. Sophie has the “times four” multiplier applied first and then receives the same \(20\)-point bonus. What final score does each player have, and who has the greater score?

A bakery used to bake \(140\) rolls per hour. After an upgrade, it bakes \(165\) rolls per hour. How many more rolls are baked during an \(8\)-hour workday? Show two different calculation methods.

Paul buys \(4\) glitter stickers for \(35\) cents each and \(6\) animal stickers for \(45\) cents each. He pays with a \(\$10\) bill. How much change does Paul receive?

A tour bus has \(54\) passengers. A regular ticket costs \(\$30\), and a discount ticket costs \(\$24\). One out of every \(3\) passengers has a discount ticket. All other passengers have regular tickets. How much ticket revenue did the trip generate?

A small library used to have \(90\) books. Today it shelves all its books in two separate groups: \(140\) children's fiction books and three times as many adult nonfiction books. How many more books does the library have today than it had before?

A sports club had \(55\) members when it was founded. Today it has \(110\) youth members and \(4\) times as many adult members as youth members. How many more members does the club need so that its current membership is exactly \(600\) greater than its founding membership?

Three fourth-grade classes collect paper for recycling. Class 4A collects \(24\,\text{kg}\). Class 4B collects three times as much as Class 4A. Class 4C collects \(15\,\text{kg}\) more than Class 4A. How many kilograms of paper do the three classes collect altogether?

A gardener buys \(5\) bags of flower bulbs for \(\$25\). a) What is the price of one bag? b) How many bags can the gardener buy with \(\$125\) at the same price per bag?

A school-supply store sells notebooks in packages. Six packages cost \(\$48\). a) What is the price of one package? b) A teacher spends \(\$96\) on the same packages. How many packages does the teacher buy? c) Each package contains \(10\) notebooks. How many notebooks does the teacher buy altogether?

Five children want to visit a zoo. A regular child ticket costs \(\$8\), and together they have saved \(\$33\). a) How much more money do they need to buy five individual tickets? b) A small-group pass for up to five people costs \(\$38\). One child says, “We need to collect less additional money for the group pass than for five individual tickets.” Is the child correct? Explain with calculations.

An old castle was completed in \(1580\). a) A new tower was added exactly \(120\) years later. In what year was it added? b) A gatehouse was restored \(75\) years after the tower was added. In what year was the gatehouse restored? c) How many years passed from the castle’s completion to the gatehouse restoration?

A warehouse shipped \(67{,}804\), \(123{,}900\), \(8560\), and \(204{,}050\) packages during four different periods. a) Find the difference between the greatest and least shipment totals. b) Add the two least shipment totals. Then subtract that sum from the greatest shipment total.

Four fourth-grade classes collect paper for a recycling contest: - Class 4A: \(345{,}600\,\text{g}\) - Class 4B: \(120{,}850\,\text{g}\) - Class 4C: \(402{,}300\,\text{g}\) - Class 4D: \(98{,}760\,\text{g}\) a) What is the difference between the greatest and least amounts collected? b) The two classes with the least amounts combine their paper. How many more grams would they need to equal the amount collected by Class 4C?

An orchard harvests \(4250\,\text{kg}\) of apples, pears, and plums altogether. The apples and pears together have a mass of \(3120\,\text{kg}\). The orchard harvests \(1845\,\text{kg}\) of apples. How many kilograms of each type of fruit are harvested?

An adult elephant has a mass of \(6200\,\text{kg}\), which is \(3850\,\text{kg}\) more than a rhinoceros. A hippopotamus has a mass that is \(540\,\text{kg}\) less than the rhinoceros. What are the masses of the rhinoceros and the hippopotamus? Which of the three animals has the least mass?

An elementary school collects recyclable materials for a project. The table shows how many pounds of paper and plastic were collected during four months. <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Month</th> <th>Paper (lb)</th> <th>Plastic (lb)</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>\(456\)</td> <td>\(212\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>\(512\)</td> <td>\(198\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>\(489\)</td> <td>\(245\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>\(534\)</td> <td>\(221\)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> During which month was the greatest total weight of material collected? How many more pounds was that than in the month with the least total weight?

Write a word problem that can be solved with these two steps: 1) \(1200+500=1700\) 2) \(1700-800=900\) Write your word problem and its answer.

A fruit seller makes \(25\) identical gift baskets. Each basket contains \(6\) apples, \(4\) pears, and \(2\) bananas. a) How many pieces of fruit are used for all \(25\) baskets? b) Each apple costs \(30\) cents. What is the total cost of all the apples?

A straight section of fence will be \(180\,\text{ft}\) long. Fence posts will be placed every \(10\,\text{ft}\), with a post at both the beginning and the end. How many posts are needed altogether?

A delivery van may carry at most \(500\,\text{kg}\). It is loaded with \(12\) crates of apples weighing \(25\,\text{kg}\) each and \(8\) crates of pears weighing \(20\,\text{kg}\) each. a) What is the total mass of the load? b) Is the load within the van's limit? c) Write one numerical expression that gives the total mass.

A school renovation receives \(15\) bags of cement weighing \(25\,\text{kg}\) each and \(12\) bags of plaster mix weighing \(30\,\text{kg}\) each. Which material has the greater total mass? Find the difference and write one numerical expression that gives the difference.

A bakery makes \(125\) rolls each day from Monday through Wednesday, \(150\) rolls each day on Thursday and Friday, and \(210\) rolls each day on Saturday and Sunday. How many rolls does the bakery make during the week?

An elementary school wants to collect \(500\) books for its new library. In the first week, it receives \(5\) boxes with \(24\) books each. In the second week, it receives \(8\) boxes with \(18\) books each. In the third week, it receives \(12\) boxes with \(15\) books each. Does the school reach its goal? How many books are still needed, or how many extra books were collected?

A small wildlife park recorded its attendance for one weekend. <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Day</th> <th>Children</th> <th>Adults</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Friday</td> <td>\(124\)</td> <td>\(88\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Saturday</td> <td>\(456\)</td> <td>\(312\)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sunday</td> <td>\(582\)</td> <td>\(295\)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> a) By how many people did the total attendance increase from Friday to Sunday? b) Was the number of children on Saturday more than three times the number on Friday? Justify your answer with a calculation.

A hiking group starts at a mountain lodge \(4650\,\text{ft}\) above sea level. The entire trail is \(7\) miles long. The hikers climb \(2080\,\text{ft}\) to a viewpoint, then descend \(715\,\text{ft}\) to a lake. What is the lake’s elevation above sea level?

In spring, the water in a reservoir is \(110\,\text{ft}\) below the top of the dam. After heavy rain, the water level rises \(40\,\text{ft}\). During a later dry period, it falls \(23\,\text{ft}\). How far below the top of the dam is the water after the dry period? Explain with calculations.

A remotely operated underwater robot with a mass of \(150\,\text{kg}\) is exploring the ocean floor. It begins \(412\,\text{m}\) below the surface, descends another \(289\,\text{m}\) to collect a sample, and later rises \(154\,\text{m}\). What is the robot’s current depth below the surface?

A wall is \(12\,\text{ft}\) wide and \(8\,\text{ft}\) high. One wallpaper roll is \(2\,\text{ft}\) wide and \(32\,\text{ft}\) long. How many whole rolls are needed to cover the wall? Assume there is no overlap, pattern matching, or cutting waste.

A rectangular hobby-room floor is \(15\,\text{ft}\) long and \(12\,\text{ft}\) wide. Sheet flooring is sold in rolls that are \(6\,\text{ft}\) wide and \(36\,\text{ft}\) long. How many rolls are needed to cover the floor? Assume there is no overlap or cutting waste.

Ethan is building a wire-frame rectangular prism. A rectangular prism has \(8\) vertices and \(12\) edges: \(4\) edges match its length, \(4\) match its width, and \(4\) match its height. Ethan uses one clay ball for each vertex and one straw for each edge. His prism is \(12\,\text{cm}\) long, \(8\,\text{cm}\) wide, and \(5\,\text{cm}\) high. a) How many clay balls does he need? b) How many straws of each length does he need? c) What total length of straw does he need?

A small natural history museum offers guided tours. Admission costs \(\$9\) for each adult and \(\$5\) for each child. On Saturday, the morning tour had \(24\) adults and \(36\) children. The afternoon tour had \(38\) adults and \(22\) children. What was the museum's total admission revenue that day?

Last year, a library put \(710\) books on display. This year, it has two display sections. The fiction section has \(240\) fewer books than last year's display. The nonfiction section has \(130\) more books than the fiction section. How many books are in each section this year?

Three deliveries bring \(1000\) notebooks to a district warehouse altogether. The first delivery has \(350\) notebooks. The second has \(100\) fewer notebooks than the first. How many notebooks are in the third delivery?

A public library opened in \(1974\) and was first expanded in \(1999\). a) How many years after opening did the expansion occur? b) In \(2012\), how old was the library, and how many years had passed since the expansion? c) In \(2024\), how many years older was the library than it had been at the time of the expansion?

A giant tortoise was born in \(1888\) and lived for \(134\) years. An elephant in the same wildlife park was born when the tortoise was \(56\) years old. The elephant lived for \(71\) years. a) In what year did the tortoise die? b) In what year was the elephant born? c) In what year did the elephant die? Did it die before or after the tortoise?

A small truck has a maximum gross weight of \(7700\,\text{lb}\). The empty truck weighs \(5460\,\text{lb}\), and the driver weighs \(190\,\text{lb}\). The fuel tank contains \(20\) gallons of diesel, and each gallon weighs \(7\,\text{lb}\). How many pounds of goods can still be loaded without exceeding the limit?

Three friends have a combined weight of \(286\,\text{lb}\). Tim weighs \(16\,\text{lb}\) more than Max. Leo weighs the same as Max. How much does each friend weigh?

An orchard packs \(735\) apples with \(7\) apples in each bag and \(852\) pears with \(6\) pears in each bag. The apple bags and pear bags must stay in separate shipments. Each truck can carry up to \(120\) bags. How many trucks are needed altogether for the two shipments? How many pear bags are on the final truck?

At a juice factory, one machine fills \(45\) bottles per minute, and another fills \(55\) bottles per minute. How many minutes must both machines work together to fill \(400\) bottles?

An elementary school celebrated its \(125\)th anniversary in \(2024\). a) In what year was the school founded? b) A nearby school opened in \(1875\). How many years older is the nearby school?

A toy store receives a shipment of \(84\) card games. The games are divided equally among \(7\) shelf sections. How many card games are in \(3\) of the sections altogether?

A cider mill pours \(240\,\text{L}\) of apple juice equally into \(8\) barrels. a) How many liters of juice are in \(5\) of the barrels? b) An employee says, “If we fill \(10\) barrels this way, they will hold \(300\,\text{L}\) altogether.” Is the employee correct? Show your calculation.

Lucas has \(\$5.00\). He buys \(4\) pencils for \(45\) cents each and \(5\) erasers for \(60\) cents each. How many cents does he have left?

A class raises \(\$100\) for new books. The students choose \(5\) nonfiction books costing \(\$12\) each and \(4\) fiction books costing \(\$9\) each. Is there enough money for all the books? How much money will remain, or how much more is needed?

A snack stand starts with \(95\) cans of drinks. It sells \(12\) cans on each of \(5\) weekdays and another \(24\) cans over the weekend. How many cans remain?

A bakery has \(500\,\text{kg}\) of flour. During one week, it uses \(35\,\text{kg}\) on each of \(6\) days. During the next week, it uses \(110\,\text{kg}\) on each of \(2\) days. Is there enough flour left to bake an order requiring \(45\,\text{kg}\)? Justify your answer.

Ms. Miller buys \(6\) packages of colored pencils for \(\$5\) each and \(4\) drawing pads for her class. The total cost is \(\$54\). How much does one drawing pad cost?

Last year, a school celebration used \(35\) blue balloons and \(18\) red balloons. This year, the school prepares three times as many blue balloons as last year and \(124\) more red balloons than last year. How many blue and red balloons does the school prepare altogether this year?

Two crates contain \(42\,\text{kg}\) of apples altogether. After \(6\,\text{kg}\) of apples are removed from the first crate, the two crates have the same mass of apples. How many kilograms of apples were originally in each crate?

A school library has two new bookcases. The first has \(6\) shelves with \(8\) nonfiction books on each shelf. The second has \(4\) shelves with \(15\) mystery books on each shelf. How many books are on the two bookcases altogether? Which bookcase has more books?

A school sets up \(8\) rows with \(9\) chairs in each row for a performance. Then it adds \(4\) rows with \(12\) chairs in each row. Are there enough seats for \(130\) guests? Justify your answer.

An orchard has \(13\) apple trees and \(11\) cherry trees. The fruit has already been harvested from one-third of all the trees. From how many trees has the fruit been harvested? From how many trees does the fruit still need to be harvested?

At a craft store, \(5\) paintbrushes and \(3\) tubes of glitter paint cost \(\$24\) altogether. Each paintbrush costs \(\$3\). Lucas has \(\$10\) and says, “I can buy \(4\) tubes of this glitter paint.” Is Lucas correct? Support your answer with a calculation.

A nursery needs \(24\) geraniums for a small flower bed. A city park needs eight times as many geraniums as the flower bed. How many geraniums are needed for the flower bed and park altogether?

A garden rainwater tank holds \(3000\,\text{gal}\). It already contains \(1250\,\text{gal}\). During a storm, water flows into the tank at \(35\,\text{gal}\) per minute for \(30\) minutes. How many more gallons are needed to fill the tank?

A school garden has \(240\) tulip bulbs divided equally among \(4\) original beds. Next year, the school will use \(7\) beds, and each new bed should contain \(15\) more bulbs than each original bed contained. How many additional bulbs must the school obtain? Write one numerical expression that represents the whole calculation, and explain what each part of your expression represents.

A baker made \(420\) rolls. The baker can pack either \(6\) rolls per bag or \(7\) rolls per bag and has \(65\) bag labels available. For each packing plan, determine how many bags are needed. Which plan can be completed with the available labels, and how many labels will be left or missing?

Two schools order juice for field days. School A receives \(560\) bottles packed \(8\) bottles per case. School B receives \(540\) bottles packed \(6\) bottles per case. A warehouse has room for \(155\) cases. Which school receives more cases? Can the warehouse hold both schools’ cases at once? If not, how many more case spaces are needed?

Ms. Miller pays \(\$450\) for \(3\) bicycles that all cost the same amount. Mr. Schmidt pays \(\$320\) for \(2\) bicycles that also all cost the same amount. a) Who pays more per bicycle? b) If each person bought \(4\) bicycles at the same per-bicycle price, how much more would the more expensive set of four cost?

A wooden fence has \(16\) vertical slats. The attachment points of neighboring slats are \(6\,\text{in}\) apart. The horizontal rail extends \(5\,\text{in}\) beyond the first attachment point and \(5\,\text{in}\) beyond the last. How long is the rail altogether?

A bike trail is \(24\,\text{mi}\) long. A class plans to ride the trail over several days. On Monday, the class rides one-eighth of the entire trail. On Tuesday, the class rides one-fourth of the entire trail. How many miles does the class ride during the two days altogether? How many miles remain?

A concert has already sold \(480\) tickets in advance. An employee says, “That is exactly four times the number of tickets we still have available at the box office.” If every ticket is eventually sold, how many tickets were available for the concert altogether?

A class sells \(450\) cups of juice for \(\$2\) each at a school fair. How much money does the class collect? If the juice cost \(\$300\), how much profit does the class make?

A \(945\,\text{ft}\) hiking trail is being repaired. On the first day, workers repair one-third of the trail. On the second day, they repair \(42\,\text{ft}\) less than on the first day. How many feet of the trail still need to be repaired?

A bakery makes \(1250\) rolls in one morning. Of these, \(450\) are whole-wheat rolls. The rest are white rolls and rye rolls. There are \(120\) more white rolls than rye rolls. How many white rolls and rye rolls were made?

A movie theater sells bags of popcorn for \(\$4\) each. On Saturday, the theater collects \(\$320\) from popcorn sales. a) How many bags of popcorn are sold on Saturday? b) On Sunday, the theater sells \(15\) more bags than on Saturday. How much money does the theater collect from popcorn sales on Sunday?

At a garden center, one small flowerpot costs \(\$3\). A box of \(4\) flowerpots costs \(\$10\). a) How much would \(4\) individual flowerpots cost? b) How much money do you save by buying the box instead?

A nursery plants \(15\) window boxes with \(4\) red geraniums in each box and \(12\) window boxes with \(5\) blue petunias in each box. Compare the numbers of red and blue flowers. What do you notice? How many flowers are planted altogether?

Lucas travels to visit his grandparents. He rides a bicycle for \(2\) hours at \(9\) miles per hour. Then he rides a bus for \(3\) hours at \(30\) miles per hour. How far does Lucas travel altogether?

A community sports club recorded the numbers of child and adult members over four years. <table> <thead> <tr><th>Year</th><th>2021</th><th>2022</th><th>2023</th><th>2024</th></tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr><td>Children</td><td>\(156\)</td><td>\(188\)</td><td>\(245\)</td><td>\(290\)</td></tr> <tr><td>Adults</td><td>\(210\)</td><td>\(235\)</td><td>\(255\)</td><td>\(295\)</td></tr> </tbody> </table> a) In which year was the increase in child members from the previous year greatest? b) Find the increases in adult members for 2023 and 2024, each compared with the previous year. What do you notice when you compare the two increases? c) How many total members were added from 2021 to 2024?

A school garden covers \(8000\,\text{ft}^2\). A lawn uses \(3500\,\text{ft}^2\), and a pond uses \(450\,\text{ft}^2\). The rest of the garden contains vegetable beds. Find the area of the vegetable beds.

The bar graph shows how many books four Grade 4 classes collected for a school book sale. a) How many books did Classes 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D collect altogether? b) The class that collected the most books will pack them into boxes that each hold exactly \(10\) books. How many boxes will be completely filled, and how many books will be left over?

Mia and Leo earn points in a game. Mia earns \(140\) points in the first round and \(260\) points in the second round. Leo starts with \(320\) points but loses \(150\) points in the second round. The calculation tree shows how to compare Mia’s total with Leo’s remaining points. a) Find the values for the empty boxes in the calculation tree. b) What is the final difference in the bottom box?

Grade 4 students at an elementary school were surveyed about their favorite free-time activities. a) How many students were surveyed altogether? b) Which activity is most popular, and how many students chose it? c) Is this statement true: “More than one-fourth of the students prefer making music or reading”? Justify your answer.

Four classes are collecting recyclable paper for a school challenge. The bar graph shows how many pounds each class has collected so far. a) Record the amount collected by each class. b) Before the next weigh-in, the amounts change: 1. Class C transfers \(10\,\text{lb}\) of paper to Class A. 2. Classes B and D combine their paper and divide it equally between the two classes. How many pounds of paper does each class have after both changes? c) Which class has the greatest amount at the end?

A school surveyed \(100\) fourth-grade students about their favorite sports. The bar graph shows the results. a) How many students took the survey altogether? Verify the total using the graph. b) Which sport was chosen by exactly \(15\) more students than basketball? c) Is the statement true or false? Explain. “Exactly one-fourth of the students chose swimming or gymnastics.”

A collector has blue stamps worth \(2\) cents each and green stamps worth \(3\) cents each. How much are all the stamps worth in dollars?

Each dot is one student on the roster for \(8\) relay teams. Unfilled dots mark absent students; filled dots mark students who will participate. How many students will participate? Can they all be placed in \(8\) teams of equal size without adding students?

A parking lot has \(6\) rows of \(11\) spaces. The chart counts reserved and occupied spaces; these are separate groups. How many spaces are neither reserved nor occupied?

A school charging cabinet holds tablets. Three classes each need \(15\) charged tablets. Are there enough charged tablets? How many will remain?

In the stadium seating diagram, each dot represents \(10\) seats. If \(85\) seats are occupied, how many seats are still available?

Each dot in the diagram represents one booklet in a reading project. Each booklet has \(24\) pages. Six students divide all the pages equally. How many pages does each student read?

Each dot in the warehouse diagram represents one pallet. Each pallet holds \(12\) cartons. If \(95\) cartons are shipped, how many cartons remain?

In a school fun run, each dot in the array represents \(\$25\) raised. The event costs \(\$420\) to organize. How much money remains after the expenses are paid?

Each dot in the solar-array diagram represents one panel. Each panel contains \(18\) cells. After a hailstorm, \(27\) cells are damaged. How many cells still work?

In the inventory diagram, each dot represents \(3\) tablets. All the tablets are divided equally among \(6\) classes. How many tablets does each class receive? Show a reasonable two-step calculation.

Each row shows the trips planned for one school bus this week. Filled dots are trips that will run; unfilled dots are canceled trips. The school needs \(30\) trips for its field trips. Are enough trips still scheduled? How many extra trips are available?

A mosaic uses four kinds of tiles: blue tiles cost \(\$2\) each, red tiles \(\$3\) each, green tiles \(\$4\) each, and yellow tiles \(\$5\) each. How much does the entire mosaic cost?

Six tables each have \(8\) seats. After everyone sits down, \(11\) seats are empty. Let \(s\) be the number of occupied seats. Which equation models the situation correctly? A. \(s=6 \times 8-11\) B. \(s=6 \times 8-(11-6)\) C. \(s=6 \times (11-8)\) Explain what the operations in each rejected equation would mean, then solve the correct equation.

A greenhouse has \(173\) seedlings to place into trays that hold \(8\) seedlings each. Write an equation of the form \(173=8\times q+r\), where \(q\) is the number of full trays and \(r\) is the number of seedlings left over. Find \(q\) and \(r\). Then state how many trays are needed to hold all \(173\) seedlings.

Nine buses carry \(36\) students each, and another \(47\) students arrive by car. Tiago claims that \(520\) students arrive altogether. First use a reasonable estimate to judge the claim. Then find the exact total and explain whether the claim is reasonable.

A theater has \(12\) rows with \(24\) seats in each row. During a performance, \(5\) seats are empty. Let \(o\) be the number of occupied seats. Two students propose these equations: \(o=12 \times 24-5\) \(o=12 \times (24-5)\) Which equation matches the situation? Explain the error in the other equation, then find \(o\).

A library has \(938\) books to pack into boxes that hold \(9\) books each. Before dividing exactly, use \(900\) books as a compatible-number benchmark to decide whether the library will need fewer than, exactly, or more than \(100\) boxes. Then find the exact number of boxes needed, including any partly filled box, and explain how the estimate helps check the exact answer.

A school supply drive collects \(28\) cases with \(42\) notebooks in each case, plus \(115\) loose notebooks. Before finding the exact total, choose the most reasonable estimate from \(1000\), \(1300\), and \(1600\). Show a rounded-number estimate that supports your choice. Then find the exact total and explain whether your estimate was reasonable.

A pool concession stand sells orders of fries at these prices: <table> <tr><th>Number of orders</th><th>Price</th></tr> <tr><td>\(1\) order</td><td>\(\$3\)</td></tr> <tr><td>\(2\) orders</td><td>\(\$5\)</td></tr> <tr><td>\(4\) orders</td><td>\(\$9\)</td></tr> </table> a) What are the different ways to buy exactly \(3\) orders, and what does each way cost? b) What is the least expensive way to buy exactly \(5\) orders? Show your work. c) How much do you save by buying the \(4\)-order deal instead of four single orders?

A fair sells raffle tickets at these prices: <table> <tr><th>Number of tickets</th><th>Price</th></tr> <tr><td>\(1\) ticket</td><td>\(\$2\)</td></tr> <tr><td>\(4\) tickets</td><td>\(\$7\)</td></tr> <tr><td>\(6\) tickets</td><td>\(\$10\)</td></tr> <tr><td>\(10\) tickets</td><td>\(\$15\)</td></tr> </table> a) Find the least expensive way to buy exactly \(14\) tickets. b) Lucas wants exactly \(11\) tickets. What is the least amount he must pay? c) Compare two ways to buy \(12\) tickets: two \(6\)-ticket packages or three \(4\)-ticket packages. Which costs less?

A small block tower uses \(4\) red blocks, and a large tower uses \(6\) blue blocks. A total of \(48\) blocks are used. Find three different combinations of small and large towers, with at least one tower of each size.

A cash box contains exactly \(8\) bills. Every bill is a \(\$5\), \(\$10\), or \(\$20\) bill. The bills are worth \(\$90\) altogether. There are twice as many \(\$10\) bills as \(\$5\) bills. How many bills of each type are in the cash box? Explain how all three conditions determine your answer.

A large archive has \(4\) sections. Each section has \(12\) aisles. Each aisle has \(15\) filing cabinets. Each cabinet has \(6\) drawers, and each drawer contains \(8\) file folders. How many file folders are in the archive altogether?

A classroom terrarium contains \(10\) animals, all beetles or spiders. A beetle has \(6\) legs, and a spider has \(8\) legs. The animals have \(68\) legs altogether. How many beetles and how many spiders are there?

A farmer counts \(25\) chickens and pigs in a pasture. Altogether, the animals have \(74\) legs. His daughter says, “There must be \(15\) pigs and \(10\) chickens.” Check her claim, and then find the correct number of pigs and chickens.

A historic train has first-class cars with \(40\) seats and coach cars with \(70\) seats. The train must have exactly \(400\) seats, and \(3\) first-class cars are already planned. Every passenger car is \(72\,\text{ft}\) long, and the locomotive is \(50\,\text{ft}\) long. a) How many coach cars are needed? b) What is the total length of the train, including the locomotive?

Two boxes contain \(27\) markers altogether. If \(1\) marker were added to the smaller box and \(1\) marker were removed from the larger box, the larger adjusted amount would still be \(5\) markers greater than the smaller adjusted amount. How many markers are in each box now?

A youth group of \(42\) people is taking public transit. A single fare costs \(\$5\). A 10-ride pass costs \(\$42\) and covers \(10\) people. a) Find the total cost if everyone pays a single fare. b) What is the least number of 10-ride passes needed to cover all \(42\) people using only passes? Find the cost. c) Find the cost of buying \(4\) 10-ride passes and single fares for the remaining people. d) How much does the least expensive option save compared with part a)?

A school fair prepares \(400\) raffle tickets. During the first hour, exactly one-fourth of all the tickets are sold. During the second hour, \(35\) fewer tickets are sold than during the first hour. During the third hour, twice as many tickets are sold as during the second hour. How many tickets remain after the three hours?

Two packages of construction paper contain \(80\) sheets and \(48\) sheets. One-eighth of the sheets is removed from each package to make a display. How many sheets remain in the two packages altogether? Solve the problem in two different ways.

Three friends collect equal-sized bags of acorns for a wildlife center. Leo collects \(4\) bags, Mia collects \(5\) bags, and Tom collects \(3\) bags. They receive a total reward of \(\$60\), divided according to the number of bags each person collected. a) How much money does each friend receive? b) Mia says, “I would receive less if we split the money equally among the three of us.” Is she correct? Support your answer with a calculation.

A bakery has a \(20\,\text{kg}\) bag of flour. The baker uses \(4\,\text{kg}\) to make rolls. a) How many kilograms of flour remain? b) Is the remaining amount more than four times the amount used? Justify your answer with a calculation. c) How many kilograms would the baker need to use altogether so that the amount remaining is exactly \(10\,\text{kg}\) greater than the amount used?

Two baskets contain \(60\) apples altogether. Liam moves \(5\) apples from the first basket to the second basket. The second basket then has exactly \(10\) more apples than the first basket. a) How many apples were in each basket at the beginning? b) Explain whether the baskets began with equal or different numbers of apples.

Two money jars contain \(\$60\) in all. After \(\$8\) is moved from the first jar to the second jar, the second jar contains \(\$4\) more than the first jar. How much money was originally in each jar?

Mia and Ben have \(100\) stickers altogether. Mia has more stickers than Ben. If Mia gives away \(12\) stickers, they will have equal amounts. a) How many stickers did Mia have at the beginning? b) How many stickers did Ben have at the beginning? c) Instead of giving stickers away, how many stickers would Mia need to give directly to Ben so that they would have equal amounts?

A school festival orders juice. Each case of apple juice contains \(6\) bottles, and each case of orange juice contains \(10\) bottles. The order includes \(3\) cases of apple juice and \(2\) cases of orange juice. The total bill is \(\$76\), and every bottle has the same price. a) How many bottles were ordered? b) How much does one bottle cost? c) What is the total cost of the apple juice, and what is the total cost of the orange juice?

An elementary school receives \(240\) new nonfiction books for its library. During the first \(5\) days, volunteers shelve \(24\) books each day. After that, they shelve \(30\) books each day. How many days does it take to shelve all the books?

A school library begins the week with \(145\) books on a shelf. On Monday, \(18\) books are checked out and \(22\) are returned. On Tuesday, a donated box containing \(10\) mystery books, \(4\) nonfiction books, and \(1\) graphic novel is added, while \(7\) damaged books are removed. On Wednesday, \(12\) more books are returned than are checked out. On Thursday, a class checks out \(24\) books and a teacher returns \(3\). Fifteen students read in the library without checking out books. On Friday, \(31\) books are returned and \(19\) are checked out. How many books are on the shelf at the end of the week?

A school cafeteria offers two snack combinations: Combination A has \(2\) pretzels and \(4\) juice boxes for \(\$8\) altogether. Combination B has \(2\) pretzels and \(2\) juice boxes for \(\$6\) altogether. How much does one juice box cost, and how much does one pretzel cost?

A backpack and a pencil case cost \(\$110\) altogether. The backpack costs \(\$80\) more than the pencil case. How much does each item cost?

Two packages have a combined mass of \(750\,\text{g}\). Package A is \(150\,\text{g}\) heavier than Package B. a) What is the mass of each package? b) If \(50\,\text{g}\) of material is moved from Package A to Package B, what is the new mass of Package B?

Lukas has an \(18\,\text{ft}\) rope. He wants to cut it into jump ropes that are each \(6\,\text{ft}\) long. Each cut takes \(15\) seconds. How long will it take him to cut the rope into all the pieces?

Jordan and Mia collected \(240\) acorns altogether. Jordan collected \(40\) fewer acorns than Mia. a) How many acorns did each child collect? b) Suppose the total remains \(240\), but the difference between their amounts becomes greater than \(40\). Would Jordan then have more or fewer acorns than before? Explain.

Lucas and Sophie are saving for a trampoline that costs \(\$450\). Together, they have saved \(\$370\). Sophie has saved \(\$50\) more than Lucas. How much has each person saved? How much more do they need altogether to buy the trampoline?

Two rain barrels contain \(240\,\text{L}\) of water altogether. After \(30\,\text{L}\) are poured from the first barrel into the second, the second barrel contains \(20\,\text{L}\) more than the first. How many liters were originally in each barrel?

Lucas has saved \(\$600\). He spends exactly one-half of his money on a new bicycle. A helmet costs one-fifth of his total savings. He spends the rest on a bike rack and lock set. How much more does the bicycle cost than the rack and lock set?

A dog, a cat, and a rabbit weigh \(45\) pounds altogether. The dog and cat weigh \(38\) pounds altogether. The cat and rabbit weigh \(15\) pounds altogether. How much does each animal weigh?

A bakery uses \(156\,\text{lb}\) of wheat flour, \(98\,\text{lb}\) of rye flour, and \(45\,\text{lb}\) of spelt flour in one week. The next week, it uses twice as much wheat flour, three times as much rye flour, and four times as much spelt flour. How many more pounds of flour does the bakery use in the second week?

A basket contains apples, pears, and plums that weigh \(950\,\text{g}\) altogether. The apples and pears weigh \(700\,\text{g}\) together. The pears and plums weigh \(550\,\text{g}\) together. How much does each type of fruit weigh?

Three bags contain \(1\,\text{kg}\) of flour altogether. The first and second bags contain \(650\,\text{g}\) altogether. The second and third bags contain \(750\,\text{g}\) altogether. How many grams of flour are in each bag?

A bike path is \(600\,\text{m}\) long and has three sections. The first and second sections together are \(380\,\text{m}\). The first and third sections together are \(420\,\text{m}\). Which section is longest, and how long is it?

A construction company is paving a public plaza in three sections. The first section requires \(4320\) paving stones. The second section requires four times as many stones as the first. The third section requires exactly one-half as many stones as the second. Are \(25{,}000\) ordered stones enough for the entire plaza? Find how many stones will be left over or how many more are needed.

A fruit warehouse distributes \(4800\,\text{lb}\) of apples: - One-half of the apples goes to grocery stores. - One-fourth is pressed for apple juice. - One-eighth is used for applesauce. - The remaining apples are donated to a farm. How many pounds of apples does the farm receive? Compare this amount with the amount used for applesauce. What do you notice? Explain.

The Parker family is saving for a trip to an amusement park. Each month, the parents put \(\$35\) into a savings jar, and each of the two children adds \(\$5\). In June and December, the grandparents add an extra \(\$50\). During the year, the family takes \(\$20\) from the jar three times for ice cream. How much money is in the jar after one year?

Jordan wants to buy a bicycle that costs \(\$320\). Jordan has already saved \(\$45\) and receives \(\$15\) each month. Jordan also receives \(\$60\) for a birthday and \(\$30\) for a winter holiday, but spends \(\$4\) on candy each month. After one year, is there enough money for the bicycle? If not, how much more is needed? If so, how much remains?

A wildlife park receives \(4800\,\text{lb}\) of hay for one week. The elephant habitat uses one-half of the hay. The zebra habitat uses one-fifth of the total amount. The remaining hay is for the ponies. How many more pounds of hay does the elephant habitat use than the ponies?

An orchard sells crates of apples for \(\$8\) each and earns \(\$336\). It sells \(12\) more crates of red apples than green apples. How many crates of each kind does the orchard sell?

Pine Ridge and Cedar Bay are \(782\,\text{miles}\) apart. Lakeview lies directly between them. Lakeview is \(36\,\text{miles}\) closer to Cedar Bay than to Pine Ridge. How far is Lakeview from Pine Ridge?

Two fourth-grade classes earn \(\$1350\) at a flea market. Class 4A earns \(\$150\) more than Class 4B. Each class places its money into envelopes holding exactly \(\$50\) each. How many envelopes does each class fill?

For a school fair, the parent-teacher organization buys cases of drinks. A case of apple juice costs \(\$14\), and a case of bottled water costs \(\$6\). The organization spends \(\$952\) in all and buys \(44\) cases of apple juice. a) How many cases of bottled water are purchased? b) A member claims that the organization could have spent exactly \(\$960\) while buying the same number of apple juice cases. Use a calculation to explain why that total is impossible with the stated water price.

A school garden harvests \(80\,\text{lb}\) of apples. On Monday, one-fourth of the apples is pressed for juice. On Tuesday, one-fifth of the apples that remain is made into applesauce. On Wednesday, one-half of the apples then remaining is donated for a school celebration. How many pounds of apples remain at the end?

A hiker plans to walk an \(18\)-mile trail from Maple Point to Lakeview. After walking for a while, the hiker realizes that a water bottle was dropped, walks back to find it, and then continues to Lakeview. The hiker walks \(22\,\text{miles}\) altogether. a) How many extra miles does the hiker walk compared with the direct route? b) The hiker notices the missing bottle after walking exactly \(8\,\text{miles}\) from Maple Point. How far from Maple Point is the bottle found?

A school cafeteria has three crates of apples with a total mass of \(75\,\text{kg}\). The first and second crates have the same mass. The third crate has \(15\,\text{kg}\) more than the first crate. How many kilograms of apples are in each crate?

An orchard harvests \(52{,}480\,\text{kg}\) of apples. It harvests \(14{,}650\,\text{kg}\) fewer pears than apples and \(9320\,\text{kg}\) fewer plums than pears. The orchard sells \(95{,}000\,\text{kg}\) of fruit to grocery stores. The rest will be made into juice. How many kilograms of fruit remain for juice?

Three school districts collect paper during a countywide recycling drive. Pine Valley District collects \(18{,}560\,\text{kg}\). Meadow Creek District collects \(4230\,\text{kg}\) more than Pine Valley. Hillview District collects \(3150\,\text{kg}\) less than Meadow Creek. A recycling center has a container that holds \(60{,}000\,\text{kg}\). Will all the collected paper fit? If not, how many kilograms will not fit?

Three trucks carry a total of \(15{,}000\,\text{kg}\) of sand. The first and second trucks carry \(10{,}400\,\text{kg}\) altogether. The second and third trucks carry \(9100\,\text{kg}\) altogether. a) How many kilograms of sand does each truck carry? b) What is the difference between the greatest and least loads?

A nursery grows \(320\) red tulips and \(280\) yellow tulips. It grows \(150\) fewer daffodils than the total number of tulips. a) How many daffodils does the nursery grow? b) Suppose the nursery grew \(50\) more yellow tulips while the number of daffodils stayed \(150\) below the total number of tulips. By how much would the number of daffodils change? Explain without fully recalculating.

One crate has \(45\,\text{kg}\) more apples than a second crate. Then \(28\,\text{kg}\) of apples are removed from the first crate, and an unknown mass is removed from the second crate. Afterward, the first crate still has \(32\,\text{kg}\) more apples than the second crate. How many kilograms of apples were removed from the second crate?

Two school supply rooms hold \(700\) notebooks altogether. The larger room has \(100\) more notebooks than the smaller room. How many notebooks are in each room?

Three ribbons have a total length of \(150\,\text{cm}\). Ribbons A and C are the same length. Ribbon B is \(30\,\text{cm}\) shorter than Ribbon A. Find the length of each ribbon.

A bakery has four bags of flour with a total weight of \(220\,\text{lb}\). Bags 1 and 2 have the same weight. Bags 3 and 4 also have the same weight, and each is \(20\,\text{lb}\) heavier than Bag 1. How much does each bag weigh?

Two county recycling centers process \(752{,}300\,\text{lb}\) of material altogether in one month. The busier center processes \(48{,}100\,\text{lb}\) more than the other center. How many pounds does each center process?

A print shop must print \(720\) posters. During the first hour, one-sixth of all the posters are printed. During the second hour, \(55\) more posters are printed than during the first hour. The remaining posters are printed during the third hour. During which hour are the most posters printed? Find the number printed during each hour.

Three elementary schools cover a combined distance of \(2450\,\text{miles}\) in a fundraising challenge. School A covers \(750\,\text{miles}\). Schools B and C cover the remaining distance, and School B covers exactly \(300\,\text{miles}\) more than School C. a) How many miles does each of Schools B and C cover? b) Each school set a goal of \(900\,\text{miles}\). Which school reaches the goal?

A sporting-goods manufacturer makes \(6420\) basketballs and \(9150\) soccer balls. The same amount of material used for \(6\) soccer balls could make \(5\) basketballs. An employee says, “If we had used all the material only for basketballs, we could have made more than \(14{,}000\) basketballs.” Is the employee correct? Support your answer with calculations.

Anna has \(10\) stamps altogether and \(2\) more red stamps than blue stamps. Bo has as many red stamps as Anna has blue stamps, and Bo has \(9\) stamps altogether. <table><thead><tr><th>Child</th><th>Red stamps</th><th>Blue stamps</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Anna</td><td>?</td><td>?</td></tr><tr><td>Bo</td><td>?</td><td>?</td></tr></tbody></table> Complete the table.

A school club has \(\$500\). It buys \(8\) shirts for \(\$27\) each and \(5\) hats for \(\$18\) each. Let \(m\) be the money left after those purchases. Write one equation for \(m\), solve it, and decide whether the club can also pay a \(\$200\) event fee. If not, find the shortfall.

Three fourth-grade classes plant \(120\) seedlings altogether. Room 12 plants \(40\) more seedlings than Rooms 14 and 16 combined. Room 14 plants three times as many seedlings as Room 16. How many seedlings does each class plant?

A school-supply store sells notebooks for \(80\) cents and matching covers for \(35\) cents. A teacher buys the same number of notebooks and covers. She pays with three \(\$10\) bills and receives \(\$2.40\) in change. How many notebooks does she buy?