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Analyze patterns with two rules

Learning goals

  • Identifies a rule governing the pattern.
  • Generates the next terms by applying the pattern rule.
  • Describes relationships between corresponding terms of the two patterns.
  • Uses the rule to predict or generate additional cases.

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Analyze patterns with two rules 1
Two number patterns both start at \(2\). Pattern A rule: add \(3\). Pattern B rule: add \(5\). Write the first five terms of each pattern, including the starting term.

Hints

- Use the starting term as the first term in each pattern. - Apply the same add rule repeatedly within one pattern. - Keep the two patterns separate while generating their terms.

Solution

1. Pattern A starts at \(2\) and increases by \(3\): \(2, 5, 8, 11, 14\). 2. Pattern B starts at \(2\) and increases by \(5\): \(2, 7, 12, 17, 22\).

Answer

Pattern A: \(2, 5, 8, 11, 14\) Pattern B: \(2, 7, 12, 17, 22\)
Analyze patterns with two rules 2
Two number patterns start with the values shown. The first pattern follows the rule “add \(2\).” The second follows the rule “add \(4\).” Complete position \(2\). <table><tr><th>Position</th><th>First pattern</th><th>Second pattern</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>\(3\)</td><td>\(8\)</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>\(\square\)</td><td>\(\square\)</td></tr></table>

Hints

- Each rule tells how the next term changes from position \(1\) to position \(2\). - Apply each rule once to its own starting value. - Check the two results separately because the patterns use different changes.

Solution

1. The first pattern adds \(2\), so its position-\(2\) term is \(5\). 2. The second pattern adds \(4\), so its position-\(2\) term is \(12\).

Answer

First pattern: \(5\) Second pattern: \(12\)
Analyze patterns with two rules 3
Here are two completed patterns. First pattern: \(3, 6, 9, 12\) Second pattern: \(5, 9, 13, 17\) a) Which two terms are in position \(3\)? b) At which position do \(12\) and \(17\) correspond?

Hints

- Count positions from left to right, starting with position \(1\). - Corresponding terms occupy the same position in the two patterns. - For part b), find \(12\) in the first pattern and look at the term in the same position in the second pattern.

Solution

1. The third terms are \(9\) in the first pattern and \(13\) in the second pattern. 2. The terms \(12\) and \(17\) are both in position \(4\).

Answer

a) \(9\) and \(13\) b) Position \(4\)
Analyze patterns with two rules 4
Pattern A is made by adding one more \(6\) on the right: \(6,66,666,6666\). Pattern B follows this rule: start with \(72\), then insert one more \(9\) just before the final \(2\). a) Write the first four terms of Pattern B. b) Check each pair by multiplying the Pattern A term by \(12\). What relationship do you see?

Hints

- Follow the stated rule for each pattern separately. - Pair the first term with the first term, the second with the second, and so on. - Check the same multiplication relationship on every pair.

Solution

1. Pattern B is \(72,792,7992,79{,}992\). 2. The corresponding products are \(6\times12=72\), \(66\times12=792\), \(666\times12=7992\), and \(6666\times12=79{,}992\). 3. So each Pattern B term is \(12\) times the corresponding Pattern A term.

Answer

a) \(72,792,7992,79{,}992\) b) Each Pattern B term is \(12\) times the corresponding Pattern A term.
Analyze patterns with two rules 5
Pattern A starts at \(13\) and adds \(13\): \(13,26,39,52,65\). Pattern B starts at \(1001\) and adds \(1001\). a) Write the first five terms of Pattern B. b) Compare corresponding terms. What multiplication rule connects Pattern A to Pattern B?

Hints

- Generate each pattern from its own rule. - Compare terms in the same position. - Test one multiplication rule on more than one pair.

Solution

1. Pattern B is \(1001,2002,3003,4004,5005\). 2. For each position, the Pattern B term is \(77\) times the Pattern A term: for example, \(77\times13=1001\) and \(77\times26=2002\). 3. So the corresponding-term rule is “multiply the Pattern A term by \(77\).”

Answer

a) \(1001,2002,3003,4004,5005\) b) Each Pattern B term is \(77\) times the corresponding Pattern A term.
Analyze patterns with two rules 6
Pattern A is made by adding one more \(9\) on the right: \(9,99,999,9999,99{,}999\). Pattern B follows this rule: start with \(81\), then insert one more \(9\) just before the final \(1\). a) Write the first five terms of Pattern B. b) Check each pair by multiplying the Pattern A term by \(9\). What relationship do you see?

Hints

- Follow the two pattern rules separately. - Match terms in the same position. - Check the multiplication relationship on more than one pair.

Solution

1. Pattern B is \(81,891,8991,89{,}991,899{,}991\). 2. The corresponding products are \(9\times9=81\), \(99\times9=891\), \(999\times9=8991\), \(9999\times9=89{,}991\), and \(99{,}999\times9=899{,}991\). 3. So each Pattern B term is \(9\) times the corresponding Pattern A term.

Answer

a) \(81,891,8991,89{,}991,899{,}991\) b) Each Pattern B term is \(9\) times the corresponding Pattern A term.
Analyze patterns with two rules 7
Pattern A starts at \(4\) and follows the rule “add \(6\).” Pattern B starts at \(9\) and also follows the rule “add \(6\).” Complete the table and describe the relationship between corresponding terms. <table><tr><th>Position</th><th>Pattern A</th><th>Pattern B</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>\(4\)</td><td>\(9\)</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>\(10\)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>\(16\)</td><td>\(21\)</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>\(22\)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>\(28\)</td><td>\(33\)</td></tr></table>

Hints

- Extend Pattern B using its stated add rule before comparing the patterns. - Compare terms in the same position, not terms from different positions. - Look for a relationship that remains true across all five corresponding pairs.

Solution

1. Pattern B increases by \(6\), so its missing terms are \(15\) and \(27\). 2. Compare corresponding terms: \(9 - 4 = 5\), \(15 - 10 = 5\), \(21 - 16 = 5\), \(27 - 22 = 5\), and \(33 - 28 = 5\). 3. Each Pattern B term is \(5\) greater than the corresponding Pattern A term.

Answer

Missing Pattern B terms: \(15\) and \(27\). Relationship: each Pattern B term is \(5\) greater than the corresponding Pattern A term.
Analyze patterns with two rules 8
Pattern A starts at \(3\) and follows the rule “add \(3\).” Pattern B starts at \(6\) and follows the rule “add \(6\).” Complete the table and state how each Pattern B term is related to the corresponding Pattern A term. <table><tr><th>Position</th><th>Pattern A</th><th>Pattern B</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>\(3\)</td><td>\(6\)</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td></td><td>\(12\)</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>\(9\)</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td></td><td>\(24\)</td></tr><tr><td>5</td><td>\(15\)</td><td>\(30\)</td></tr></table>

Hints

- Extend each pattern using only its own add rule. - Compare terms that have the same position number. - Ask whether one corresponding term can be obtained by multiplying the other by the same number each time.

Solution

1. Extending Pattern A gives \(3, 6, 9, 12, 15\). Extending Pattern B gives \(6, 12, 18, 24, 30\). 2. The missing entries are \(6\), \(18\), and \(12\) in their respective cells. 3. In every position, the Pattern B term is twice the corresponding Pattern A term.

Answer

Completed Pattern A: \(3, 6, 9, 12, 15\) Completed Pattern B: \(6, 12, 18, 24, 30\) Relationship: each Pattern B term is twice the corresponding Pattern A term.
Analyze patterns with two rules 9
Complete both patterns for four positions. First pattern: start at \(4\), then add \(2\) each time. Second pattern: start at \(7\), then add \(4\) each time. After you complete them, subtract the first-pattern term from the second-pattern term at each position. How does this difference change from one position to the next?

Hints

- Use each add rule to complete its pattern separately. - Compare terms that are in the same position. - Look at the sequence of differences and describe what changes from one difference to the next.

Solution

1. The first pattern is \(4, 6, 8, 10\). 2. The second pattern is \(7, 11, 15, 19\). 3. The corresponding differences are \(3, 5, 7, 9\). 4. The difference increases by \(2\) from one position to the next.

Answer

First pattern: \(4, 6, 8, 10\) Second pattern: \(7, 11, 15, 19\) Differences: \(3, 5, 7, 9\) The difference increases by \(2\) each position.
Analyze patterns with two rules 10
Two number patterns begin at \(40\). Pattern A: add \(1\) each time: \(40,41,42,43,44\). Pattern B: subtract \(1\) each time: \(40,39,38,37,36\). Multiply corresponding terms. How do the products change as the two patterns move away from \(40\)?

Hints

- Follow each pattern rule separately first. - Pair terms in the same position. - Compare each product with the first product, \(1600\).

Solution

1. The corresponding products are \(40\times40=1600\), \(41\times39=1599\), \(42\times38=1596\), \(43\times37=1591\), and \(44\times36=1584\). 2. Compared with \(1600\), the decreases are \(0,1,4,9,16\). 3. As Pattern A rises by \(1\) and Pattern B falls by \(1\), the products fall by square numbers from \(1600\).

Answer

Products: \(1600,1599,1596,1591,1584\). The corresponding products decrease by \(0,1,4,9,16\) from \(1600\).
Analyze patterns with two rules 11
Pattern A starts at \(7\) and adds \(7\). Pattern B starts at \(111{,}111\) and adds \(111{,}111\). a) Write the first five terms of both patterns. b) Explain how multiplying each Pattern A term by \(15{,}873\) produces the corresponding Pattern B term.

Hints

- Build both patterns from their stated add rules. - Match terms by position. - Check the multiplication relationship on at least two pairs.

Solution

1. Pattern A is \(7,14,21,28,35\). 2. Pattern B is \(111{,}111,222{,}222,333{,}333,444{,}444,555{,}555\). 3. For each pair, multiplying the Pattern A term by \(15{,}873\) gives the Pattern B term. For example, \(15{,}873\times7=111{,}111\) and \(15{,}873\times14=222{,}222\).

Answer

Pattern A: \(7,14,21,28,35\) Pattern B: \(111{,}111,222{,}222,333{,}333,444{,}444,555{,}555\) Each Pattern B term equals \(15{,}873\) times the corresponding Pattern A term.
Analyze patterns with two rules 12
Pattern A starts at \(2\) and adds \(2\): \(2,4,6,8,10,12\). Pattern B starts at \(1616\) and adds \(1616\). a) Write the first six terms of Pattern B. b) Explain why each Pattern B term equals \(808\) times the corresponding Pattern A term.

Hints

- Generate Pattern B by repeatedly adding \(1616\). - Compare terms in the same position. - Relate the change of \(2\) in Pattern A to the change of \(1616\) in Pattern B.

Solution

1. Pattern B is \(1616,3232,4848,6464,8080,9696\). 2. The first pair satisfies \(808\times2=1616\). Each time Pattern A increases by \(2\), the product \(808\times\text{(Pattern A term)}\) increases by \(808\times2=1616\), which is exactly Pattern B's rule. 3. Therefore every corresponding pair has the relationship \(B=808\times A\).

Answer

a) \(1616,3232,4848,6464,8080,9696\) b) Each Pattern B term is \(808\) times the corresponding Pattern A term.
Analyze patterns with two rules 13
Pattern A starts at \(10\) and follows the rule “add \(5\).” Pattern B starts at \(4\) and follows the rule “add \(8\).” The last row of the table is missing its position and Pattern A term. Complete that row. <table><tr><th>Position</th><th>Pattern A</th><th>Pattern B</th></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>\(10\)</td><td>\(4\)</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>\(15\)</td><td>\(12\)</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>\(20\)</td><td>\(20\)</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>\(28\)</td></tr></table>

Hints

- Work backward from the shown Pattern B term by locating it in Pattern B's repeated add rule. - Once you know the position, use the same position in Pattern A. - Check that both completed patterns follow their stated rules from one row to the next.

Solution

1. Pattern B goes \(4, 12, 20, 28\), so \(28\) is the fourth term. 2. Pattern A goes \(10, 15, 20, 25\), so its fourth term is \(25\). 3. The missing row is position \(4\) with corresponding terms \(25\) and \(28\).

Answer

Position: \(4\) Pattern A term: \(25\)
Analyze patterns with two rules 14
Pattern A starts at \(5\) and follows the rule “add \(4\).” Pattern B starts at \(8\) and follows the rule “add \(7\).” Paolo says, “The first terms differ by \(3\), so every pair of corresponding terms will differ by \(3\).” Is Paolo correct? Use the first four pairs of terms to explain.

Hints

- Generate several terms from both rules before deciding whether the claim is true. - Compare terms that occupy the same position in the two patterns. - Notice how the two add rules differ and consider what that does to the gap between the patterns.

Solution

1. The first four Pattern A terms are \(5, 9, 13, 17\). 2. The first four Pattern B terms are \(8, 15, 22, 29\). 3. The corresponding differences are \(3, 6, 9, 12\), so the difference does not stay \(3\). 4. Because Pattern B increases by \(3\) more than Pattern A at each step, the difference between corresponding terms increases by \(3\) each position.

Answer

Paolo is not correct. The first four corresponding differences are \(3, 6, 9, 12\), so the difference increases by \(3\) each position.
Analyze patterns with two rules 15
Pattern A starts at \(6\) and follows the rule “add \(4\).” Pattern B starts at \(15\) and follows the rule “add \(7\).” At the first position, Pattern B is \(9\) greater than Pattern A. Without writing a variable formula, determine whether the difference between corresponding terms will ever be \(30\). If it will, state the position and explain why.

Hints

- Compare how much the two patterns increase from one position to the next. - Use the change in the gap between corresponding terms rather than generating both full patterns. - Count positions carefully: the starting pair is position \(1\).

Solution

1. Pattern B increases by \(7\) each step while Pattern A increases by \(4\), so the difference between corresponding terms increases by \(3\) each position. 2. Starting from a difference of \(9\), the differences are \(9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30\). 3. The difference reaches \(30\) at position \(8\).

Answer

Yes. The difference is \(30\) at position \(8\).
Analyze patterns with two rules 16
Pattern A starts at \(4\) and follows the rule “add \(3\).” Pattern B starts at \(10\) and follows the rule “add \(6\).” Generate the first four terms of each pattern. Describe a relationship between corresponding terms, and explain why that relationship continues as both patterns grow.

Hints

- Generate corresponding terms in the same positions before comparing them. - Look for a relationship that combines multiplication and a fixed adjustment. - Compare the two add rules to explain why the relationship keeps working.

Solution

1. Pattern A is \(4, 7, 10, 13\), and Pattern B is \(10, 16, 22, 28\). 2. Each Pattern B term is \(2\) more than twice the corresponding Pattern A term. 3. The relationship starts correctly because \(10\) is \(2\) more than twice \(4\). Each time Pattern A increases by \(3\), twice its value increases by \(6\), which matches Pattern B’s “add \(6\)” rule. Therefore, the same relationship continues.

Answer

Pattern A: \(4, 7, 10, 13\) Pattern B: \(10, 16, 22, 28\) Relationship: each Pattern B term is \(2\) more than twice the corresponding Pattern A term. This continues because Pattern B increases by twice the amount that Pattern A increases.
Analyze patterns with two rules 17
Pattern A starts at \(3\) and follows the rule “add \(2\).” Pattern B starts at \(7\). The relationship should be: each Pattern B term is \(2\) less than \(3\) times the corresponding Pattern A term. What add rule must Pattern B follow so that this relationship continues? Generate the first four terms of both patterns to verify your rule, and explain why it works.

Hints

- Use the stated relationship to determine what the next few Pattern B terms would have to be. - Compare consecutive Pattern B terms to identify its add rule. - Explain how the multiplier in the relationship changes the size of Pattern A’s add rule.

Solution

1. Pattern A begins \(3, 5, 7, 9\). 2. If each Pattern B term is \(2\) less than \(3\) times the corresponding Pattern A term, the matching terms are \(7, 13, 19, 25\). 3. Pattern B therefore follows the rule “add \(6\).” 4. This works because each increase of \(2\) in Pattern A makes \(3\) times Pattern A increase by \(6\); subtracting the fixed \(2\) does not change that increase.

Answer

Pattern B must follow the rule “add \(6\).” The first four terms are: Pattern A: \(3, 5, 7, 9\) Pattern B: \(7, 13, 19, 25\) The relationship continues because tripling each \(2\)-unit increase in Pattern A gives a \(6\)-unit increase in Pattern B.

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