Evaluate. a) \(-14-19\) b) \(22-(-11)\) c) \(-35-(-15)\) d) \(8-23\)

A submarine is at \(-150\,\text{m}\) relative to sea level and then descends another \(75\,\text{m}\). Write an integer addition equation and find its new position.

A weather station records a temperature of \(-9\,^\circ\text{F}\) one winter morning. During the morning, the temperature rises by \(14\,^\circ\text{F}\). What temperature does the station now show?

Mr. Weber's checking account has a balance of \(-\$180\). He deposits \(\$250\) in cash. What is the new account balance?

A type of plastic loses its flexibility and becomes brittle at \(-35\,^\circ\text{C}\). A new material mixture raises this threshold by \(12\) degrees. At what temperature does the new plastic become brittle?

A hiker begins a climb in a valley where the temperature is \(4\,^\circ\text{F}\). By the time the hiker reaches a mountain shelter, the temperature has dropped a total of \(15\) degrees. What is the temperature at the shelter?

What number is \(58\) greater than \(-33\)? Write and evaluate an equation.

During a winter night, the temperature drops to \(-12\,^\circ\text{C}\). By noon the next day, the temperature has risen to \(7\,^\circ\text{C}\). By how many degrees Celsius did the temperature increase?

Rearrange and group the terms to create convenient multiples of \(100\). Write the regrouped expression, then evaluate. \(-250 + 68 + 145 - 50 + 32 - 45\)

Complete each statement about how the result of a subtraction changes. a) If the first number increases by \(14\) and the number being subtracted stays the same, the result \(\square\) by \(\square\). b) If the first number stays the same and the number being subtracted decreases by \(9\), the result \(\square\) by \(\square\). c) If both numbers increase by \(20\), what happens to the result?

Ms. Meyer has \(\$150\) in her checking account. A debit of \(\$215\) is then posted for a new desk. Explain why the new balance must be negative, and calculate the balance.

At \(6{:}00\) p.m. on a winter day, the temperature is \(4\,^\circ\text{F}\). By midnight, it drops \(7\,^\circ\text{F}\). During the early morning, it drops another \(2\,^\circ\text{F}\). What is the temperature in the morning?

For each sum, give a sign prediction and a brief rule or magnitude comparison that supports it. Then calculate the exact sum. a) \(-14+25\) b) \(18+(-30)\) c) \(-22+(-18)\) d) \(-45+45\)

Find the integer that makes each equation true. a) \(-12+\square=5\) b) \(\square+(-8)=-20\) c) \(15+\square=0\) d) \(\square+10=-3\)

Replace each box with \(<\), \(>\), or \(=\). For each part, give the sign rule or magnitude comparison that lets you decide without finding the exact sum. a) \(-35+40\mathbin{\square}0\) b) \(-12+(-15)\mathbin{\square}0\) c) \(25+(-25)\mathbin{\square}0\) d) \(-50+30\mathbin{\square}0\)

Find each sum. a) \(-38+92\) b) \(54+(-117)\) c) \(-256+(-144)\) d) \(-1025+375\)

Evaluate \(-120+450+(-380)\) from left to right. Report the intermediate sum after the first addition and the final sum.

Compare the values of Expressions A and B. Which is greater? Expression A: \(-1500+850\) Expression B: \(2100+(-2800)\)

A research submarine is \(450\,\text{m}\) below sea level. It rises \(185\,\text{m}\) to take a measurement. How far below sea level is the submarine after it rises?

Choose \(+\) or \(-\) for each box to make the equation true. a) \((\mathbin{\square}17)+13=30\) b) \(-24+(\mathbin{\square}16)=-40\) c) \(35+(\mathbin{\square}50)=-15\) d) \((\mathbin{\square}12)+(-28)=-16\)

Choose the missing sign in each equation. a) \(-42+12=\mathbin{\square}30\) b) \(15+(-45)=\mathbin{\square}30\) c) \((\mathbin{\square}60)+(-25)=35\) d) \(-11+(\mathbin{\square}11)=-22\)

For each sum, state the predicted sign and the rule or magnitude comparison that determines it. Then calculate the exact value. a) \(-415+625\) b) \(-874+(-126)\) c) \(2500+(-3750)\) d) \(-999+1001\)

Evaluate each sum from left to right. For each part, report the intermediate sum after the first addition and then the final sum. a) \(-120+250+(-80)\) b) \(500+(-750)+250\)

Evaluate both sides and replace each box with \(<\), \(>\), or \(=\). a) \(-45+20\mathbin{\square}-30+5\) b) \(100+(-150)\mathbin{\square}-80+20\) c) \(-12+(-13)\mathbin{\square}5+(-30)\)

Find the integer \(z\) that makes each equation true. a) \(50+z=-10\) b) \(z+(-120)=-200\) c) \(-15+25+z=0\)

A frozen-food warehouse has several storage zones. Zone A is kept at \(-18\,^\circ\text{C}\). Zone B is \(7\) degrees colder than Zone A. Zone C is \(12\) degrees warmer than Zone B. What are the temperatures in Zones B and C?

Insert \(+\) or \(-\) in each circle to make the equation true. a) \((\bigcirc 75)+(-25)=-100\) b) \((\bigcirc 120)+(+80)=-40\) c) \((+15)+(\bigcirc 50)=+65\) d) \((\bigcirc 9)+(+21)=+12\)

Find the missing addend in each equation. a) \(15+\square=8\) b) \(15+\square=-2\) c) \(15+\square=0\) d) \(15+\square=16\)

For each equation \(a+x=s\), find \(x\). a) \(-7+x=-15\) b) \(-7+x=4\) c) \(-7+x=-7\) d) \(-7+x=20\)

Find the missing addend. a) What number added to \(10\) gives \(-5\)? b) What number added to \(-20\) gives \(0\)? c) What number added to \(-4\) gives \(-12\)? d) What number added to \(0\) gives \(-8\)?

Evaluate \(154+(-289)+45\).

Evaluate \(-72+[148+(-205)]\).

Evaluate \(-120+55+(-80)+145\).

Which choice is closest to the value of \(-748+102+(-251)\)? A) \(-1100\) B) \(-900\) C) \(-400\) D) \(-650\)

Decide whether each statement is true or false. Justify with an example or counterexample. a) The sum of two negative numbers is always positive. b) Adding the opposite of \(0\) to any number leaves the number unchanged.

Find the missing addend. a) \(-520+\square=180\) b) \(75+\square=-25\)

Find \(x\). a) \(x+(-150)=-200\) b) \(x+300=50\)

Find \(x\). a) \(-12+x=-12\) b) \(44+x=0\)

For each pair, find \(s=a+b\), then decide whether \(s>a\). a) \(a=12\), \(b=-5\) b) \(a=-6\), \(b=-4\) c) \(a=-9\), \(b=10\)

On a winter afternoon, the temperature drops by \(9\,^\circ\text{F}\). That evening, the thermometer reads \(-5\,^\circ\text{F}\). What was the temperature before the drop?

Mr. Weber checks his banking app. A credit of \(\$125\) has been added, and his current balance is \(-\$240\). What was his balance immediately before the credit?

A remotely operated underwater vehicle descends \(150\,\text{m}\) from its initial position. It ends at \(-620\,\text{m}\), where sea level is \(0\,\text{m}\). What was the vehicle's position before it descended?

Rewrite each subtraction as addition of the opposite, and then evaluate. a) \(45-17\) b) \(-32-(-58)\) c) \(12-(-88)\) d) \(-74-26\)

Complete each equation by rewriting subtraction as addition of the opposite. a) \(-120-85=-120+(\square)=\square\) b) \(215-(-45)=215+(\square)=\square\) c) \(-63-(-163)=-63+(\square)=\square\) d) \(19-50=19+(\square)=\square\)

Rewrite each expression as a sum, evaluate it, and decide which value is greater. Expression A: \(-240-160\) Expression B: \(-240-(-160)\)

Order the expressions by value. Which expressions have equal values? 1. \(3-8\) 2. \(-2-3\) 3. \(12-4\) 4. \(-2-(-10)\) 5. \(0-5\) 6. \(15-7\)

Evaluate both sides and replace each box with \(<\), \(>\), or \(=\). a) \(-8-2\mathbin{\square}-8-(-2)\) b) \(5-5\mathbin{\square}-3-(-3)\) c) \(-12-4\mathbin{\square}-10-10\)

Evaluate both sides and replace each box with \(<\), \(>\), or \(=\). a) \(-58-22\mathbin{\square}-90+10\) b) \(72+(-84)\mathbin{\square}-5-(-7)\) c) \(-200+150\mathbin{\square}-10-45\)

Insert \(+\) or \(-\) in each box to make the equation true. a) \((\square14)+(-26)=-40\) b) \((-55)-(\square25)=-30\) c) \((+12)+(\square18)=-6\)

A research submarine is \(85\,\text{m}\) below sea level. It descends another \(40\,\text{m}\). Give its new position relative to sea level as an integer.

Evaluate each difference. First rewrite the subtraction as addition of the opposite. a) \((-410)-(+590)\) b) \((+1200)-(-800)\) c) \((-33)-(-33)\) d) \((-75)-(+25)\)

For each value of \(x\), evaluate \((-150)-x\). First rewrite the subtraction as addition. a) \(x=50\) b) \(x=-50\) c) \(x=150\) d) \(x=-200\)

Ms. Meyer's checking account balance was \(-\$45\) yesterday. Today, two more debits were posted: a \(\$30\) bill and a \(\$25\) shipping charge. What is her current balance?

Find each value. a) Find the sum of \(-42\) and \(-18\). b) Find the difference of \(-25\) and \(35\), with \(-25\) as the starting number.

Decide whether each statement is true or false. a) The sum of \(-15\) and \(15\) is \(0\). b) The difference of \(-40\) and \(-10\) is \(-50\). c) The sum of \(-9\) and \(-11\) is \(-20\).

A number plus \(-67\) equals \(25\). What is the number?

Evaluate \((-45)-(-18)+(-32)\).

Which subtraction expressions have a value of \(-24\)? Write all corresponding letters. A) \(16-40\) B) \(-12-13\) C) \(-30-(-7)\) D) \(0-(-24)\) E) \(-10-14\) F) \(-48-(-24)\)

First rewrite each expression without parentheses using simplified notation. Then evaluate. a) \((+56)+(-14)\) b) \((-33)-(-17)\) c) \((-120)+(-80)\) d) \((+200)-(+45)\)

Rewrite the expression as a sum. Then show an equivalent rearrangement or grouping that makes the calculation efficient before evaluating. \(-140+512-(-40)\)

Rewrite the expression as a sum. Then show an equivalent rearrangement or grouping that makes the calculation efficient before evaluating. \(385-119+615\)

Evaluate the expressions. Then group the expressions that have equal values. a) \(24-37\) b) \(37-24\) c) \(-(37-24)\) d) \(-24+37\) e) \(-24-(-37)\) f) \(-37+24\)

Rewrite without parentheses using simplified notation, and then evaluate: \((-432)-(-218)\).

Rewrite without parentheses using simplified notation, and then evaluate: \((+675)+(-280)-(+145)\).

Rewrite each expression as a sum by replacing subtraction with addition of the opposite. Then evaluate. a) \(-215-(-45)-30\) b) \(-128-72+100\)

Rewrite each expression using addition only, and then evaluate. a) \(440-600-(-160)\) b) \(-19-(-81)-100\)

Evaluate \(48+(52-315)\).

Which expressions have equal values? Group expressions with the same value, and give that value. A: \(45-(-5)\) B: \(45+5\) C: \(45+(-5)\) D: \(45-5\) E: \(50-0\) F: \(50-10\)

Evaluate each expression. a) \(-2500+100{,}500\) b) \(-340{,}000-12{,}500\) c) \(50{,}200+(-45{,}200)\) d) \(12{,}300-(-7700)\)

Consider the expression \((560 - 140) + (320 + 180)\). Without fully evaluating the new expression, determine how its value changes if each of the four numbers is increased by \(15\). Explain your reasoning from the structure of the expression.

Consider the expression \((1200 + 800) - (600 - 200)\). Determine how its value changes if each of the four numbers is increased by \(25\). Explain your reasoning from the structure of the expression.

At an Arctic weather station, the outdoor temperature is \(-46\,^\circ\text{C}\) early in the morning. By noon, it has risen to \(-19\,^\circ\text{C}\). By how many degrees Celsius did the temperature increase?

An unmanned research submarine is at \(-780\,\text{m}\) relative to sea level. It must rise to a maintenance station at \(-125\,\text{m}\). How many meters must the submarine rise?

Solve for \(x\). a) \(x+85=42\) b) \(-14+x=36\) c) \(x-55=-19\) d) \(-72+x=-110\)

Evaluate each expression. a) \(72-115+43\) b) \(-56+88-32\) c) \(105-(-45)-200\)

Evaluate \(88-(112-45)\).

Evaluate \(-135-(62-140)\).

Evaluate \(-135+48+35-18\) by regrouping efficiently.

Simplify the operation signs and signs attached to numbers, and then evaluate: \(-12-(-18)+(-25)\).

Imagine moving on a number line. Subtracting a positive number means moving left. Write and evaluate the subtraction for each situation. a) Start at \(20\) and subtract \(55\). b) Start at \(-15\) and subtract \(30\).

Evaluate each expression. a) \((-75)+(-25)\) b) \((-75)-(-25)\) c) \(75+(-25)\) d) \(75-(-25)\)

Find the missing value in each addition equation. a) \(-18+30=\square\) b) \(\square+(-12)=-20\) c) \(-45+\square=-15\)

Rewrite subtraction as addition of the opposite. Then use the commutative and associative properties to show a grouping that creates \(100\), and evaluate. \(47 - 19 + 53\)

A coastal research team measures heights above sea level as positive and depths below it as negative. a) Its submarine is at \(-250\,\text{m}\) and rises \(85\,\text{m}\). What is its new position? b) Its weather balloon is at \(+1850\,\text{m}\) and descends \(240\,\text{m}\). What is its new position? c) A research diver is at \(-15\,\text{m}\) and descends another \(10\,\text{m}\). What is the new position? d) A seabird is at \(+12\,\text{m}\), and a fish is at \(-8\,\text{m}\). What signed change takes you from the bird's position to the fish's position?

A parking garage labels street level as Level \(0\). Levels below street level are negative, and levels above street level are positive. a) A car is parked on Level \(-3\). Describe its location. b) A visitor parks on Level \(-1\) and takes the elevator up \(4\) levels. On which level does the visitor exit? c) Later, the visitor rides directly from that level to Level \(-2\). Represent the elevator's change in level with a signed number.

A class fund starts the month with some savings. During the month, it earns \(\$e\) from a bake sale and spends \(\$a\) on art supplies. a) Write an expression for the change in the fund balance. b) Find the change when \(e=54\) and \(a=38\). Explain the result. c) Find the change when \(e=25\) and \(a=42\). Compare the ending balance with the starting balance.

A reservoir helps regulate a river. Each hour, \(z\,\text{m}^3\) of water flows into the reservoir, and \(a\,\text{m}^3\) flows out through the gates. a) Write an expression for the change in water volume after one hour. b) What does a value of \(0\) mean in this context? c) What does a negative value mean? d) Find the hourly change when \(z=1250\) and \(a=1310\).

Tim is saving for a skateboard that costs \(\$85\). He has already saved \(\$y\). a) Write an expression for the signed difference “price minus savings.” b) Evaluate the expression for \(y=62\) and for \(y=90\). Explain what each result means.

A hiker is at an elevation of \(h\) feet. The destination lodge is at an elevation of \(4000\) feet. a) Write an expression for the signed elevation difference “destination elevation minus current elevation.” b) Evaluate the difference for \(h=3200\) and for \(h=4500\). Interpret each result as an uphill or downhill change.

A bank account has a current balance of \(\$x\). A bill of \(\$y\) is withdrawn. a) Write an expression for the new account balance. b) Find the balance when \(x=125\) and \(y=40\). c) Find the balance when \(x=50\) and \(y=85\). Explain what a negative result means for the account holder.

A weather station records morning and noon temperatures. Calculate each temperature change as \(\text{noon temperature}-\text{morning temperature}\), and enter a positive number, a negative number, or zero in the table. <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Day</th> <th>Morning temperature</th> <th>Noon temperature</th> <th>Temperature change</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Monday</td> <td>\(+2\,^\circ\text{C}\)</td> <td>\(-3\,^\circ\text{C}\)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Tuesday</td> <td>\(-5\,^\circ\text{C}\)</td> <td>\(+1\,^\circ\text{C}\)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Wednesday</td> <td>\(-4\,^\circ\text{C}\)</td> <td>\(-4\,^\circ\text{C}\)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Thursday</td> <td>\(0\,^\circ\text{C}\)</td> <td>\(-6\,^\circ\text{C}\)</td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

The number lines show integer jumps. Find the missing numbers in each part.

The number lines show integer jumps. Find the number in the box in each part. a) Find the ending value. b) Find the starting value. c) Find the missing intermediate value.

Find the number in the box on each number line.

A school snack stand tracks its monthly finances. The bar chart shows the profit (positive values) or loss (negative values), in dollars, for the first six months of the year. a) Find the total profit or loss after the six months. b) Were there more months with a profit or more months with a loss?

Find each ending value on the number lines. Write an addition equation for each jump.

Find each missing value on the number lines.

Find the missing ending value for each negative jump.

Use the number line to find the missing ending value.

The number line shows the peak elevation and the vertical distance from the base to the peak of an underwater mountain. How deep is the base of the mountain below sea level?

The number-line diagram shows Max’s starting bank account balance and a deposit. What is his new balance?

The number line shows the change produced by subtracting \(-5\) from the displayed starting value. a) Find the missing ending value. b) Write the subtraction equation represented by the diagram. c) Explain why the move is to the right even though the operation is subtraction.

Evaluate each expression. Pay attention to signs and grouping symbols. a) \(-18+42-(-15)\) b) \(125-(250-75)\) c) \(-15-[-40+(12-22)]\)

Compare the structure of expressions \(A\) and \(B\) before calculating. \(A=-15+(30-45)\) \(B=-15+30-45\) 1) Find the value of each expression. 2) What rule about removing parentheses is illustrated here? 3) How would \(B\) need to change if \(A\) were \(-15-(30-45)\) instead?

Insert \(<\), \(>\), or \(=\) to make each statement true. For each part, justify the comparison using a rational-number rule or magnitude comparison without giving the exact value of the expression. a) \(-4.5+4.5\;\square\;0\) b) \(-123-(-122)\;\square\;0\) c) \(-\frac{2}{3}+\left(-\frac{1}{3}\right)\;\square\;0\) d) \(0.01-0.1\;\square\;0\)

Use all four number cards \(-4\), \(-2\), \(6\), and \(8\), along with addition and subtraction signs, to write an expression with a value of \(0\). You may use parentheses. Then write a different expression using the same four cards that has a value of \(12\).

Insert an addition or subtraction sign in each blank to make the equation true. a) \(-7\;\square\;(-3)\;\square\;5=-9\) b) \(-7\;\square\;((-3)\;\square\;5)=1\)

Place exactly one pair of parentheses in \(40-20-10-5\). The parentheses must contain at least two numbers. a) Find the value without parentheses. b) Place the parentheses so the value does not change. c) Place the parentheses so the value is \(25\).

Consider the expression \(50-25-10-5\). Determine whether placing exactly one pair of parentheses can make the value \(40\). The parentheses must enclose at least two numbers. Justify your answer by evaluating every possible placement.

A subtraction expression is written as \(m-s=d\). Describe how \(d\) changes when both changes are made. a) Increase \(m\) by \(30\) and increase \(s\) by \(10\). b) Decrease \(m\) by \(15\) and increase \(s\) by \(15\). c) Increase \(m\) by \(12\) and decrease \(s\) by \(12\).

In \(m-s=d\), the first number \(m\) is increased by \(10\). How must the number being subtracted, \(s\), change so that: a) The difference stays the same. b) The difference is \(15\) greater than before. c) The difference is \(5\) less than before.

Start with \(300-120=180\). Decrease the first number by \(50\) and decrease the number being subtracted by \(30\). Use these changes to find the new difference. How much smaller or greater is it than the original difference?

In a subtraction, the first number increases by \(45\). How must the number being subtracted change so that the result is \(60\) greater than before?

A subtraction has a difference of \(450\). Its first number increases by \(120\), and the number being subtracted increases by \(50\). By how much does the difference change, and what is its new value?

In a subtraction, the second number is \(2458\). It is \(1035\) less than the first number. a) Find the first number. b) Keep the first number unchanged. By how much must the second number decrease to make the difference \(150\) greater?

Three students evaluate \(1000 - 250 - 150 - 100\). - **Leo:** \(1000 - 250 = 750\), \(750 - 150 = 600\), \(600 - 100 = 500\). - **Mia:** \(250 + 150 + 100 = 500\), then \(1000 - 500 = 500\). - **Noah:** \(1000 - 250 = 750\), \(150 - 100 = 50\), then \(750 - 50 = 700\). Decide which methods are correct. Explain Noah’s error if his method is incorrect.

A magician says, “Start with my secret number. Add \(2450\), subtract \(1100\), and then add \(325\). The result is the least five-digit whole number.” Find the secret number.

A research submersible is at \(-120\,\text{m}\), where sea level is \(0\,\text{m}\). It descends another \(150\,\text{m}\) to take a measurement, then rises \(40\,\text{m}\). What is the submersible's final position relative to sea level?

Choose signs for \(20\) and \(45\) to make each equation true. Write the completed equation. a) \((\mathbin{\square}20)+(\mathbin{\square}45)=65\) b) \((\mathbin{\square}20)+(\mathbin{\square}45)=-25\) c) \((\mathbin{\square}20)+(\mathbin{\square}45)=25\) d) \((\mathbin{\square}20)+(\mathbin{\square}45)=-65\)

Insert either \(+\) or \(-\) in each box to make the equation true. a) \((-18)\mathbin{\square}(-7)=-11\) b) \((+25)\mathbin{\square}(-5)=+30\) c) \((-40)\mathbin{\square}(+10)=-50\) d) \((+12)\mathbin{\square}(-12)=0\)

Insert the missing signs so that each equation is true. a) \((\bigcirc100)+(\bigcirc40)+(-20)=-80\) b) \((+50)+(\bigcirc30)+(\bigcirc10)=+10\)

Estimate to decide which expression has the lesser value. Then calculate both values exactly. Expression 1: \(-3250+(-1780)\) Expression 2: \(-8410+3520\)

Estimate by rounding each addend to the nearest thousand, and then evaluate \(-4890+(-3120)+6950\) exactly.

Write an expression for each description and evaluate it. a) Find the difference of \(1500\) and \(850\), then subtract the opposite of \(150\). b) Add the absolute value of \(-75\) to the sum of \(-125\) and \(-200\).

Subtract the sum of \(-48\) and \(122\) from the difference of \(300\) and \(-50\). Write and evaluate the expression.

Match each sum to its exact result. Use estimation to find the pairs efficiently. Sums: a) \(-298+(-405)+(-102)\) b) \(-895+302+198\) c) \(512+(-251)+(-262)\) d) \(-1203+(-395)+(-102)\) Results: 1) \(-1\) 2) \(-1700\) 3) \(-805\) 4) \(-395\)

Decide whether each statement is true or false. Briefly explain. a) Start with any number, add \(12\), and then add the opposite of the original number. The result is always \(12\). b) The sum of a negative number and its opposite is always positive.

Maya claims, “The sum of two negative integers is always less than either addend.” Test the claim using \(-7+(-3)\), and then explain whether it is always true.

Let \(a=-8\) in \(a+b=s\). Give one integer value of \(b\) for each condition. a) \(s<a\) b) \(s=a\) c) \(s>a\)

Give one pair of integers with sum \(-32\) for each condition. a) Both addends are negative. b) The first addend is positive, and the second is negative. c) The first addend is negative, and the second is positive.

A submarine's net vertical change is \(-80\,\text{m}\), where positive changes mean upward movement and negative changes mean downward movement. Give one addition equation for each situation. a) The submarine descends during both stages. b) The submarine rises during the first stage and descends during the second stage.

Complete each equation so the sum is \(-50\). a) \(25+\square=-50\) b) \(-70+\square=-50\) c) \(\square+\square=-50\), using two identical addends.

Complete the calculation chain \(-120\xrightarrow{+45}\square\xrightarrow{-30}\square\xrightarrow{-(-60)}\square\).

Each equation is missing both a sign attached to a number and an operation sign. Insert \(+\) or \(-\) to make each equation true. Find all possibilities. a) \((\square8)\mathbin{\bigcirc}(-12)=+20\) b) \((-25)\mathbin{\bigcirc}(\square15)=-10\) c) \((\square40)\mathbin{\bigcirc}(+60)=-20\)

Complete the subtraction table. Each entry is the row value minus the column value. <table> <tr><th colspan="2" rowspan="2"></th><th colspan="4">Number being subtracted</th></tr> <tr><th>\(15\)</th><th>\(-10\)</th><th>\(-35\)</th><th>\(60\)</th></tr> <tr><th rowspan="3">Starting number</th><th>\(-20\)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr> <tr><th>\(45\)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr> <tr><th>\(-80\)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr> </table>

Evaluate \((-128)-[(+52)+(-97)]\).

Evaluate \([(-34)+(+86)]-[(-42)-(+58)]\) step by step.

Use the numbers \(-34\) and \(-16\). a) Find their sum. b) Subtract the sum from the opposite of \(50\). What is the result?

Use the numbers \(12\) and \(-18\). First find their sum and their difference, in that order. Then subtract the difference from the sum. What is the final result?

On a cold January day, temperatures are recorded at two locations in the mountains. At noon, the mountain station is \(-11\,^\circ\text{F}\), and at night it is \(-24\,^\circ\text{F}\). In the valley, the temperature is \(4\,^\circ\text{F}\) at noon and \(-6\,^\circ\text{F}\) at night. a) For each location, by how many degrees Fahrenheit did the temperature decrease from noon to night? b) Find the temperature difference between the mountain station and the valley at noon and at night.

Complete the account table. In each row, an amount is withdrawn from the previous balance to produce the new balance. <table> <tr><th>Previous balance</th><th>Withdrawal</th><th>New balance</th></tr> <tr><td>\(\$12\)</td><td>\(\$20\)</td><td>(1)</td></tr> <tr><td>\(-\$8\)</td><td>\(\$15\)</td><td>(2)</td></tr> <tr><td>(3)</td><td>\(\$25\)</td><td>\(-\$10\)</td></tr> </table>

Evaluate each difference, and then insert \(<\), \(>\), or \(=\) to make a true statement. a) \((-12)-8\mathbin{\square}-12\) b) \((-12)-(-8)\mathbin{\square}-12\) c) \(15-15\mathbin{\square}15\) d) \(15-(-15)\mathbin{\square}15\)

Consider the two expressions. Expression \(A\): \((-40)-25\) Expression \(B\): \((-40)-(-25)\) Without calculating exact values, explain which expression is greater. Use what you know about subtracting integers and compare each result with \(-40\).

Evaluate each expression with three numbers. First rewrite it without parentheses using simplified notation. a) \((-15)+(+25)-(-10)\) b) \((+40)-(+60)+(-20)\) c) \((-100)-(-30)-(+70)\)

Start at \(-50\) and perform these operations in order: 1. Subtract \(-30\). 2. Add \(-45\). 3. Subtract \(+15\). Write one expression with parentheses, simplify it, and find the final value.

Rewrite the expression as a sum. Then show an equivalent rearrangement and grouping that creates convenient partial sums before finding the final value. \(-2650+1433-350+567\)

Compare the values and insert \(<\), \(>\), or \(=\) in each box. a) \(18-30\mathbin{\square}-18+30\) b) \(-50-(-20)\mathbin{\square}-50+20\) c) \(45-(10+50)\mathbin{\square}45-10-50\) d) \(-(25-5)\mathbin{\square}-25-5\)

Three expressions have the same value. Which expression does not belong? Justify your choice by evaluating all four. A) \(-22+10-8\) B) \(-22+(8-10)\) C) \(10-(22+8)\) D) \(-(22-10)-8\)

Rewrite each expression as a sum, and then evaluate. a) \(25{,}000-60{,}000\) b) \(-10^4-5000\) c) \(8800-(-1200)\) d) \(-10^6-(-10^5)\)

Mr. Schmidt pays a \(\$545\) bill from his checking account. Soon afterward, a credit of \(\$210\) is deposited. His balance is then exactly \(-\$185\). What was his account balance before these two transactions?

An elevator in a parking garage first travels up \(5\) levels and then down \(8\) levels. It ends on Level \(-2\). On which level did the elevator start?

First estimate by rounding each number to the nearest ten. Then evaluate efficiently by rearranging and grouping terms. \(48+63-28+36-76\)

First make a reasonable estimate. Then evaluate efficiently by grouping positive and negative numbers. \(-135+420-66+580-293\)

Make a reasonable estimate, and then evaluate efficiently by rearranging or grouping terms. \(2750-438-1250+637-475\)

Rewrite without parentheses using simplified notation, and then evaluate: \(1000-(-450)+(-1250)-(+200)\).

Consider the expression \(-45+128-55+72\). a) Evaluate the expression efficiently by grouping terms. b) Replace the last number so that the expression has a value of \(0\). What should the new number be?

Consider the expression \(1250-3400+750-600\). a) Evaluate it efficiently by grouping terms. b) If \(-3400\) changes to \(+3400\), by how much does the result change? What is the new result? Explain without repeating the entire calculation.

Evaluate each expression step by step. Follow the order of operations. a) \(26-[(41-55)+(82-14)]\) b) \([-18+(72-95)]-(31+29)\)

Evaluate each expression using the order of operations. a) \(-32-(74+26)+(-85+35)\) b) \((-94-126)-(-52+318)\)

Evaluate \(-240+115+(-60)+85\) efficiently. Name the properties used to regroup the addends.

Evaluate efficiently by rearranging and grouping terms: \(781-495-281+195-100\).

Evaluate \((12-45)-(150+5)\).

Evaluate \(-(240-1240)-65\).

Consider the expression \((-15)+(-5)-(+12)-(-8)\). a) Evaluate the expression step by step. b) Add parentheses to form \((-15)+(-5)-((+12)-(-8))\). Evaluate the new expression and compare it with the result from part a).

During one level of a video game, Tim's score changes several times. He first earns \(120\) bonus points, then loses \(250\) points, and finally earns another \(40\) points. His score at the end of the level is \(-30\). What was Tim's score at the beginning of the level?

Lena has four number cards: \(16\), \(8\), \(-8\), and \(24\). She may use addition, subtraction, and parentheses. Use all four cards exactly once in each expression. Write two expressions that each equal \(24\), using parentheses in at least one of them.

At \(6{:}00\) a.m., the temperature is \(-4\,^\circ\text{F}\). It then rises \(7\,^\circ\text{F}\), falls \(2\,^\circ\text{F}\), rises \(3\,^\circ\text{F}\), falls \(8\,^\circ\text{F}\), and falls another \(5\,^\circ\text{F}\). Find the final temperature. Calculate efficiently.

A research submarine starts at \(-1250\,\text{m}\) relative to sea level. It rises \(450\,\text{m}\), descends \(200\,\text{m}\), rises \(800\,\text{m}\), and descends \(150\,\text{m}\). Find its new position. Calculate efficiently.

A club account starts at \(-\$240\). During the quarter, it receives \(\$1550\) in dues, pays \(\$600\) in rent, spends \(\$760\) on equipment, receives a \(\$450\) donation, and pays \(\$300\) for an event. Find the new balance. Calculate efficiently.

Let \(a=-45\), \(b=20\), and \(c=-30\). a) Write and evaluate an expression that subtracts \(c\) from the sum of \(a\) and \(b\). b) Write and evaluate an expression that subtracts the sum of \(a\) and \(b\) from \(c\). c) Compare the results. What general observation can you make?

Which tasks have equal values? Sort the letters into the groups with values \(-25\) and \(-55\). (A) \(-40+15\) (B) \(-40-(-15)\) (C) Subtract \(15\) from \(-40\). (D) Add \(-15\) to \(-40\). (E) \(-40-15\) (F) Add \(15\) to \(-40\). (G) Subtract \(-15\) from \(-40\).

Evaluate each expression. a) \(-12{,}450+5670\) b) \(34{,}200-(-8950)\) c) \(-7300-12{,}800\) d) \(10^4-100{,}000\)

Insert \(<\), \(>\), or \(=\) to make each statement true. a) \(-3500+1200\mathbin{\square}-3500-1200\) b) \(-800-450\mathbin{\square}-800-(-450)\) c) \(15{,}000-25{,}000\mathbin{\square}-5000-6000\) d) \(-10^3+1\mathbin{\square}0\)

Write an expression and evaluate it. From the sum of \(-412\) and \(187\), subtract the difference of \(-256\) and \(-58\).

Leon claims, “When I subtract a negative number from another negative number, the result is always negative.” Disprove his claim with two examples: 1. One example with a positive result. 2. One example with a result of \(0\). Evaluate both differences.

Consider \((-14)-(-20)\). a) Evaluate the difference. b) Explain why the result is positive even though both numbers in the expression are negative.

Use the numbers \(-6\) and \(-10\). 1. Evaluate \((-6)-(-10)\). 2. Evaluate \((-10)-(-6)\). Compare the results. What do you notice about their signs?

Write an expression for the description and evaluate it. Subtract \(-150\) from the sum of \(-65\) and \(38\).

Write an expression for the description and evaluate it. Add the difference of \(16\) and \(-34\) to the difference of \(210\) and \(450\).

Rewrite the expression to make it easy to evaluate. Keep each operation sign with its number when you reorder the terms. \(864 + 257 - 364 + 43\)

Evaluate \(30-[(-12+25)-(8-15)]\).

Evaluate each expression using the order of operations. a) \(84-(112-250)\) b) \(-37+(-44+19)+60\) c) \(-(55-92)-(18+24)\)

Evaluate each expression with nested grouping symbols. a) \(15-[32-(14-50)]\) b) \(-21+[(-45+18)-(-12)]\)

Evaluate \(-35-(15-60)+(-20)\).

Evaluate \((120-250)+(85-(-15))\) step by step.

Evaluate \(15-[20+(5-15)]\) step by step.

Rewrite the expression to make it easy to evaluate. Keep each operation sign with its number when reordering the terms. \(45 - 17 + 55 - 83 + 12\)

A checking account begins with a balance of \(\$120\). During the morning, \(\$150\) is withdrawn for a purchase, and then another \(\$40\) is withdrawn at an ATM. Use subtraction expressions to find the balance after each withdrawal.

Use the numbers \(-12,7,-3,0,-8,2\). a) Order them from greatest to least. b) Which two different numbers give the smallest sum? Write the addition equation. c) Subtract the smallest number from the greatest number. Write the subtraction equation.

Use the numbers \(-10,-1,6,-5,3\). Choose from this list for each part. a) Find two different numbers whose sum is \(5\). Write the equation. b) Find two different numbers whose difference is \(11\). Write the subtraction in the correct order. c) Which number makes \(-10+\square=-7\)? Check it by adding.

A diving robot begins at \(-45\,\text{m}\) relative to sea level and descends \(15\,\text{m}\) each minute. After how many whole minutes will it first be below \(-110\,\text{m}\)?

Estimate by rounding to the nearest ten. Then evaluate \(128-57-43+74-110\) exactly using efficient regrouping.

Evaluate \(-42+(18-50)+60\).

Evaluate \(80-[-30-(25-45)]\).

Evaluate the four expressions, and then order their values from least to greatest. a) \(-110+(-40)\) b) \(-110-(-40)\) c) \(110+(-110)\) d) \(0-110\)

Rewrite the expression to make it easy to evaluate. Keep each subtraction sign with the number that follows it. \(154 + 78 - 54 - 28\)

Evaluate \(-123+57+265-77+43-65\) efficiently using properties of addition.

Add the difference of \(45\) and \(120\) to the sum of \(-33\) and \(-17\).

Subtract the sum of \(-215\) and \(90\) from the opposite of \(45\).

Find the sum of \(-15\), \(42\), and \(-10\). Subtract that sum from the difference of \(-100\) and \(50\).

Ms. Miller begins the week with \(\$85\) in her checking account. During the week, these transactions occur: 1. A \(\$120\) grocery purchase is debited. 2. A credit of \(\$50\) is deposited. 3. A \(\$30\) bill is paid. Calculate the balance after each transaction. What does the sign of the final balance mean?

A weather station records two temperature changes on each of three days. Find the final evening temperature for each day. 1. Monday begins at \(5\,^\circ\text{C}\). The temperature rises \(8\,^\circ\text{C}\), then falls \(10\,^\circ\text{C}\). 2. Tuesday begins at \(-3\,^\circ\text{C}\). The temperature rises \(6\,^\circ\text{C}\), then falls \(7\,^\circ\text{C}\). 3. Wednesday begins at \(-1\,^\circ\text{C}\). The temperature falls \(4\,^\circ\text{C}\), then rises \(5\,^\circ\text{C}\).

An elevator uses Level \(0\) for street level, positive numbers for levels above street level, and negative numbers for levels below street level. a) The elevator starts on Level \(2\), travels down \(5\) levels, and then travels up \(2\) levels. Where does it stop? b) The elevator is on Level \(-1\) and travels down \(3\) more levels. Where does it stop? c) The elevator is on Level \(-2\) and must travel to Level \(3\). How many levels must it travel upward?

A small snack stand records its daily revenue and expenses. The daily net is \(\text{revenue}-\text{expenses}\). A positive result is a profit, and a negative result is a loss. a) Calculate the daily net for each day. b) Find the total net for all four days. <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Day</th> <th>Revenue</th> <th>Expenses</th> <th>Daily net</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Monday</td> <td>\(\$145\)</td> <td>\(\$162\)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Tuesday</td> <td>\(\$210\)</td> <td>\(\$185\)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Wednesday</td> <td>\(\$95\)</td> <td>\(\$130\)</td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Thursday</td> <td>\(\$178\)</td> <td>\(\$178\)</td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

At \(6{:}00\) a.m. on a winter day, the temperature is \(-6\,^\circ\text{F}\). a) By noon, the temperature rises \(11\,^\circ\text{F}\). What is the noon temperature? b) By late evening, the temperature drops \(8\,^\circ\text{F}\) from the noon value. What is the evening temperature? c) Find the difference between the highest and lowest of the morning, noon, and evening temperatures.

Julia and Tom compare their checking account balances. - Julia has \(\$12\), so her balance is \(+\$12\). - Tom's account is overdrawn by \(\$8\), so his balance is \(-\$8\). a) What is the difference between their current balances? b) Julia buys a book for \(\$15\). What is her new balance? c) Tom deposits \(\$10\). What is his new balance? d) After these changes, who has the greater balance, and what is the difference between the balances?

An elevator labels street level as \(0\), levels above it with positive integers, and parking levels below it with negative integers. A passenger enters on Level \(5\) and makes these trips in order: 1. Down \(7\) levels 2. Up \(3\) levels 3. Down \(4\) levels 4. Up \(2\) levels a) On which level does the passenger end? b) What is the lowest level reached during the entire trip? c) How many levels apart are the highest and lowest points of the trip?

Analyze each statement about subtracting rational numbers. a) Can \(x-y\) be greater than \(x\)? Explain or give an example. b) If \(a<0\) and \(b<0\), must \(a-b\) be negative? Give examples that show what can happen. c) If \(x<0\), is \(x-(-x)\) positive? Explain.

Find all three missing results. Show each calculation as an equation.

The plot shows the temperature at a mountain weather station from \(6{:}00\) a.m. to \(4{:}00\) p.m. on a winter day. Three students wrote different expressions to determine the temperature at \(4{:}00\) p.m. Lucas: \(-3-1+2+3+4+2+0-1-3-4-2\) Clara: \(-3+(2+3+4+2)-(1+1+3+4+2)\) Jonas: \(-3-1+11-10\) a) Evaluate each expression. What temperature does each expression give for \(4{:}00\) p.m.? b) Explain how each student grouped or represented the hourly temperature changes shown in the plot.

The plot shows the air temperature measured at the same time on seven consecutive days at a mountain weather station. Two meteorologists summarize the week: Mr. Frost writes \(T_1=-4+2+3-1-3+2+3\). Ms. Degree writes \(T_2=(2+3+2+3)-(1+3)\). Evaluate both expressions and explain what information each result gives about the weather station.

A hiking group is planning a route through the mountains. The bar graph shows the elevation of each stop in feet. a) Read the elevations of the six stops from the graph. b) Find the elevation change between each pair of consecutive stops. Use a negative sign for a descent. c) Find the sum of all the elevation changes from part b). d) A hiker says, “The finish is only \(300\,\text{ft}\) above the start, so we climb only \(300\,\text{ft}\) in all.” Explain why this statement is incorrect.

Find each missing starting number for the subtraction shown on the number line.

Complete each chain of jumps on the number line. Find every value in a box.

Each brick in the number wall is the sum of the two bricks directly below it. Find all three missing numbers. Show how you found the missing number in the bottom row.

Use the number line to find the missing starting value.

Use the number line to find the missing intermediate and ending values.

The number-line diagram shows a temperature in the morning, its change by noon, and its change from noon to evening. What is the evening temperature?

The number line shows a temperature change from the previous evening to the morning low. Find the previous evening's temperature.

Decide whether each claim is true or false. Explain. a) If you add twice the opposite of a number to the original number, the result is the opposite of the original number. b) Two different integers can have the same opposite.

Write one subtraction expression with a value of \(-35\) for each condition. a) Both numbers are positive integers. b) The starting number is a negative integer, and the number being subtracted is a positive integer. c) Both numbers are negative integers.

Simon claims, “When I subtract one integer from another integer, the result is always less than the first integer.” Is Simon correct? Use at least two integer examples to justify your answer.

Consider the expressions: (I) \((-48)-(-122)\) (II) \((-210)-(+90)\) a) Rewrite each subtraction as addition and evaluate. b) What number must be subtracted from each answer in part a) to get \(10\)? c) For each answer in part a), what number must be subtracted to get its opposite?

Consider the expressions: (I) \((-15)-(+85)\) (II) \((+40)-(+110)\) a) Rewrite each subtraction as addition and evaluate. b) What number must be subtracted from the value of (I) to get the value of (II)? c) What number must be subtracted from the value of (II) to get the opposite of the value of (I)?

Place the signs \(+\) and \(-\) and the digits \(4\), \(5\), \(8\), and \(9\) in the boxes so that every digit and sign is used exactly once. \(\square\square\square+\square\square\square\) Find an arrangement that makes the sum a) as large as possible, b) as small as possible.

Place the signs \(+\) and \(-\) and the digits \(1\), \(2\), \(3\), and \(4\) in the boxes so that every symbol is used exactly once. \(\square\square\square+\square\square\square\) Which arrangement gives a result closest to \(0\)? Give the expression and its value.

Evaluate each expression one set of parentheses at a time. a) \(145-(34+156-20)-(55+45)\) b) \(-(-760+140)-[(24-110)+480]\)

Consider the expression \(12-(+8)-(-15)+(-5)\). a) Evaluate the expression. b) Add one pair of parentheses so that the expression has a value of \(-6\). Write the modified expression and verify its value.

Consider the expression \(-40-(-10)-(+20)+(-5)\). a) Evaluate the expression. b) Add one pair of parentheses in two different ways so that each new expression has a value different from the value in part a). Write both new expressions and their values.

Consider the expression \(2500 - [750 - (150 - 50)]\). First evaluate the expression. Then determine how its value changes if each of the four numbers is increased by \(10\). Explain why.

Write an expression with grouping symbols for the description, and then evaluate it. From the opposite of the sum of \(-315\) and \(105\), subtract the difference of \(45\) and \(-82\).